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Biofilm characterisation of Mycoplasma bovis co-cultured with Trueperella pyogenes
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Journal Article
Biofilm characterisation of Mycoplasma bovis co-cultured with Trueperella pyogenes
2025
Overview
Mycoplasma
pneumonia, caused by
Mycoplasma bovis
(
Mycoplasmopsis bovis
;
M. bovis
), is linked with severe inflammatory reactions in the lungs and can be challenging to treat with antibiotics. Biofilms play a significant role in bacterial persistence and contribute to the development of chronic lesions. A recent study has shown that polymicrobial interactions between species are an important factor in biofilm formation, yet the precise mechanism of biofilm formation in
M. bovis
remains unknown. By assuming multiple pathogen infections in the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), this study examined the characterisation of the polymicrobial relationship between
M. bovis
and
Trueperella pyogenes
(
T. pyogenes
) during biofilm formation. Autopsies were performed on four Holstein calves (two chronic
Mycoplasma
pneumonia calves and two control calves). Bacterium-like aggregation structures (> 10 μm), which were assumed to be biofilms of
M. bovis
in vivo, were observed adhering to the cilia in calves with
Mycoplasma
pneumonia.
M. bovis
released an extracellular matrix to connect with neighbouring bacteria and form a mature biofilm on the plate. Biofilm formation in the co-culture of
M. bovis
and
T. pyogenes
(strain T1: 1 × 10
5
and 1 × 10
6
CFU/well) significantly increased (
p
< 0.05 and
p
< 0.01; 64.1% and 64.8% increase) compared to that in a single culture of these bacteria. Furthermore, some large aggregates (> 40 μm), composed of
M. bovis
and
T. pyogenes
, were observed. The morphological characteristics of this biofilm were similar to those observed in vivo compared to a single culture. In conclusion, the polymicrobial interaction between
M. bovis
and
T. pyogenes
induces biofilm formation, which is associated with increased resistance to antimicrobial agents, and this exacerbates the progression of chronic
Mycoplasma
pneumonia.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
Subject
/ Animals
/ Bacteria
/ biofilm
/ Biofilms - growth & development
/ Cattle
/ Cattle Diseases - microbiology
/ Coculture Techniques - veterinary
/ Holstein
/ Medicine
/ Mycoplasma bovis - physiology
/ Pneumonia, Mycoplasma - microbiology
/ Pneumonia, Mycoplasma - veterinary
/ species
/ trachea
/ Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
/ Virology
