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COVID-19 screening and outcomes at hospitals in a large Canadian health authority
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COVID-19 screening and outcomes at hospitals in a large Canadian health authority
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COVID-19 screening and outcomes at hospitals in a large Canadian health authority
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Magazine Article
COVID-19 screening and outcomes at hospitals in a large Canadian health authority
2024
Overview
Background: This study investigates factors associated with COVID-19 positivity among patients admitted to hospitals in British Columbia, Canada, and analyzes patient outcomes based on their screening question responses. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients admitted to 12 hospital emergency departments between November 1, 2020, and June 30, 2022. Patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 through PCR within 48 hours of admission were categorized as positive cases. Covariates included age, geographical region, and the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Among the 88,511 unique admissions, 8.6% (7,642) tested positive for COVID-19. Patients who met screening criteria were 4.7 times more likely to test positive. Patients in the later stages of the pandemic were less likely to be identified through screening questions. Patients who tested positive were 1.5 times more likely to die than those who tested negative, although patients who tested positive in later pandemic stages had lower overall mortality rates. Conclusion: While patients testing positive on admission were more likely to meet screening criteria and had a higher risk of mortality, the screening process missed half of all positive cases (3,907 patients). Implementing universal testing increased resource demands but identified the positive cases missed by screening alone, allowing for the implementation of precautionary measures to prevent potential transmission. Ultimately, the decision to implement universal testing should consider resource allocation, community prevalence, and patient demographics.
Publisher
Infection Prevention and Control Canada
