Journal Article

A framework to measure transit-oriented development around transit nodes: Case study of a mass rapid transit system in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Parvez, Mohammad Shahriyar, Muniruzzaman, Shah Md, Hoque, Md. Shamsul, Tamanna, Tahsin, Uddin, Md. Anwar, Adiba, Saima

2023

Overview

Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a tool that aids in achieving sustainable urban development. It promotes economic, environmental, and social sustainability by integrating land use and transportation planning. Many researchers have investigated mass rapid transit (MRT) station regions for TOD in developed cities. However, in a developing city such as Dhaka, measuring node-based TOD (TOD index) during MRT construction has been disregarded in planning future land use. Furthermore, no prior research on quantitative TOD measurement in Dhaka exists. As a result, we developed a framework for both quantitative and spatial node-based TOD measurement based on the four Ds (density, diversity, destination accessibility, and design) of the TOD concept. With 17 stations under construction, MRT 6 was selected as our study area. The TOD index was measured by nine indicators based on the four criteria (4Ds), spatially in the geographic information system (GIS). After calculating the indicators, the TOD index for each station’s 800m buffer was estimated using the spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA). A sensitivity analysis of four TOD scenarios was performed to check the model’s robustness. Additionally, a heatmap of the TOD index for MRT 6 was created for informed planning and policymaking. Furthermore, statistically significant hotspots (both Getis Org Gi* and Anselen Local Moran Statistics) and hotspot clusters were identified. Finally, we illustrate the station-based ranking based on the maximum TOD score. In addition, a detailed spider-web of nine indicators for 17 stations depicts sustainable TOD planning. However, regarding density and diversity, sustainable development and (re)development policies should be implemented not only for MRT 6 but for all Dhaka’s TOD regions.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Access / Bangladesh / Biology and Life Sciences / Case reports / Case studies / Cities / Commuting / Criteria / Density / Development policy / Earth Sciences / Ecology and Environmental Sciences / Economic development / Engineering and Technology / Environmental impact / Geographic information systems / Hot spots / Indexes / Indicators / Land use / Land use management / Literature reviews / Local transit / Measurement / Methods / Multiple criterion / Physical Sciences / Planning / Policy and planning / Policy making / Public transportation / Quality of life / Quantitative analysis / Rapid transit systems / Regions / Remote sensing / Robustness / Sensitivity analysis / Social Sciences / Social sustainability / Spatial analysis / Statistical analysis / Statistics / Sustainability / Sustainable Development / Sustainable urban development / Traffic congestion / Transit-oriented development / Transportation / Transportation planning / Urban development / Urban Renewal