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Human Streptococcus agalactiae strains in aquatic mammals and fish
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Journal Article
Human Streptococcus agalactiae strains in aquatic mammals and fish
2013
Overview
Background
In humans,
Streptococcus agalactiae
or group B streptococcus (GBS) is a frequent coloniser of the rectovaginal tract, a major cause of neonatal infectious disease and an emerging cause of disease in non-pregnant adults. In addition,
Streptococcus agalactiae
causes invasive disease in fish, compromising food security and posing a zoonotic hazard. We studied the molecular epidemiology of
S. agalactiae
in fish and other aquatic species to assess potential for pathogen transmission between aquatic species and humans.
Methods
Isolates from fish (n = 26), seals (n = 6), a dolphin and a frog were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing and standardized 3-set genotyping, i.e. molecular serotyping and profiling of surface protein genes and mobile genetic elements.
Results
Four subpopulations of
S. agalactiae
were identified among aquatic isolates. Sequence type (ST) 283 serotype III-4 and its novel single locus variant ST491 were detected in fish from Southeast Asia and shared a 3-set genotype identical to that of an emerging ST283 clone associated with invasive disease of adult humans in Asia. The human pathogenic strain ST7 serotype Ia was also detected in fish from Asia. ST23 serotype Ia, a subpopulation that is normally associated with human carriage, was found in all grey seals, suggesting that human effluent may contribute to microbial pollution of surface water and exposure of sea mammals to human pathogens. The final subpopulation consisted of non-haemolytic ST260 and ST261 serotype Ib isolates, which belong to a fish-associated clonal complex that has never been reported from humans.
Conclusions
The apparent association of the four subpopulations of
S. agalactiae
with specific groups of host species suggests that some strains of aquatic
S. agalactiae
may present a zoonotic or anthroponotic hazard. Furthermore, it provides a rational framework for exploration of pathogenesis and host-associated genome content of
S. agalactiae
strains.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Anura
/ Asia
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Cetacea
/ Diseases
/ Dolphins
/ Ecological and evolutionary microbiology
/ Fish
/ Fishes
/ Genotype
/ Mammals
/ Marine
/ MLST
/ Mycology
/ PFGE
/ Seals
/ Streptococcal Infections - epidemiology
/ Streptococcal Infections - microbiology
/ Streptococcal Infections - veterinary
/ Streptococcus agalactiae - classification
/ Streptococcus agalactiae - genetics
/ Streptococcus agalactiae - isolation & purification
/ Studies
/ Virology
/ Zoonoses
