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Bonding Changes in Compressed Superhard Graphite
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Journal Article
Bonding Changes in Compressed Superhard Graphite
2003
Overview
Compressed under ambient temperature, graphite undergoes a transition at ~17 gigapascals. The near K-edge spectroscopy of carbon using synchrotron x-ray inelastic scattering reveals that half of the π-bonds between graphite layers convert to σ-bonds, whereas the other half remain as π-bonds in the high-pressure form. The x-ray diffraction pattern of the high-pressure form is consistent with a distorted graphite structure in which bridging carbon atoms between graphite layers pair and form σ-bonds, whereas the nonbridging carbon atoms remain unpaired with π-bonds. The high-pressure form is superhard, capable of indenting cubic-diamond single crystals.
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science,The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Subject
/ Anvils
/ Atoms
/ Carbon
/ Climate
/ Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties
/ Crystalline state (including molecular motions in solids)
/ Crystallographic aspects of phase transformations; pressure effects
/ Crystals
/ Energy
/ Exact sciences and technology
/ Gaskets
/ Graphite
/ Physics
/ Pressure
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