Journal Article

The Personal Human Oral Microbiome Obscures the Effects of Treatment on Periodontal Disease

Kelley, Scott T., Schwarzberg, Karen, Caporaso, J. Gregory, Alonaizan, Faisal, Le, Rosalin, Casaburi, Giorgio, Lindsay, Suzanne, Saber, Mohamed H., Slots, Jørgen, Gottlieb, Roberta A., Bharti, Balambal, Salvatore, Francesco

2014

Overview

Periodontitis is a progressive disease of the periodontium with a complex, polymicrobial etiology. Recent Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) studies of the microbial diversity associated with periodontitis have revealed strong, community-level differences in bacterial assemblages associated with healthy or diseased periodontal sites. In this study, we used NGS approaches to characterize changes in periodontal pocket bacterial diversity after standard periodontal treatment. Despite consistent changes in the abundance of certain taxa in individuals whose condition improved with treatment, post-treatment samples retained the highest similarity to pre-treatment samples from the same individual. Deeper phylogenetic analysis of periodontal pathogen-containing genera Prevotella and Fusobacterium found both unexpected diversity and differential treatment response among species. Our results highlight how understanding interpersonal variability among microbiomes is necessary for determining how polymicrobial diseases respond to treatment and disturbance.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Adult / Analysis / Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use / Bacteria / bacterial pathogens / BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES / Biodiversity / Bioinformatics / Biology / Case-Control Studies / Cladistic analysis / Dentistry / Diabetes / Disease / Etiology / fusobacteria / Fusobacterium - classification / Fusobacterium - genetics / Fusobacterium - isolation & purification / Gum disease / Health care / High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Humans / Indians, North American / Laboratories / Medical research / Medical treatment / Medicine / microbiome / Microbiota - genetics / Microorganisms / Oral hygiene / Periodontal disease / Periodontal diseases / Periodontitis / Periodontitis - drug therapy / Periodontitis - ethnology / Periodontitis - microbiology / Periodontium / Periodontium - drug effects / Periodontium - microbiology / phylogenetic analysis / Phylogeny / Population / prevotella / Prevotella - classification / Prevotella - genetics / Prevotella - isolation & purification / Public health / Severity of Illness Index / Species diversity / streptococcus / Studies / Taxa / Taxonomy