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四爪陆龟非结核分枝杆菌感染报告
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Journal Article
四爪陆龟非结核分枝杆菌感染报告
2021
Overview
在被圈养的4只四爪陆龟（Testudo horsfieldii）中，发现了全身性非结核分枝杆菌（nontuberculous mycobacteria，NTM）病。症状表现为厌食、虚弱和嗜睡，后肢和尾巴发炎和水肿。对患病个体，通过穿刺获得血样和关节抽吸物用于评估。对死亡个体，通过尸检、组织病理学观察以及细菌培养和聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行分枝杆菌检测。结果表明：血液学和血液生化分析结果不一致。在关节抽吸物中，观察到具有吞噬细菌结构的单核细胞，抗酸染色表明存在耐酸细菌。在肝、肺、脾、心脏、肌肉、肾脏和卵巢中观察到肉芽肿性病变。培养鉴定和分子生物学测定对非结核分枝杆菌的鉴定均呈阳性。研究发现，尽管爬行动物（Reptilia）很少出现分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium）病，但是对于具有高生态价值的物种，必须采取严格的卫生和预防措施，尤其是将这些动物用于再引入时。
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