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卧龙国家级自然保护区食肉动物多样性及部分物种的食性分析
by
金森龙 1# 瞿春茂 1# 施小刚 1 邹晓艳 1 刘俊 1 邵昕宁 2
, 3
, 3 何廷美 1 李晟 2
, 3 姚蒙 2
in
卧龙自然保护区
/ 粪便DNA
/ 红外相机
/ 非损伤性采样
/ 食肉动物
2021
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卧龙国家级自然保护区食肉动物多样性及部分物种的食性分析
by
金森龙 1# 瞿春茂 1# 施小刚 1 邹晓艳 1 刘俊 1 邵昕宁 2
, 3
, 3 何廷美 1 李晟 2
, 3 姚蒙 2
in
卧龙自然保护区
/ 粪便DNA
/ 红外相机
/ 非损伤性采样
/ 食肉动物
2021
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Journal Article
卧龙国家级自然保护区食肉动物多样性及部分物种的食性分析
3,
2021
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Overview
2018年3月—2019年1月,在卧龙国家级自然保护区三江片区和其他3个重要区域布设120个红外相机监测点对食肉动物(Carnivora)进行调查,以了解保护区内食肉动物的物种组成与垂直分布;依据粪便采样与DNA宏条形码分析,对粪便产生者及其食物种类进行鉴定,了解重要物种的食物组成和同域分布物种间的捕食关系。结果表明:在卧龙保护区共记录到13种食肉动物,其中分布海拔跨度最高的物种为猪獾(Arctonyx collaris),其次为豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)与黄喉貂(Martes flavigula);分布海拔跨度最小的物种为小熊猫(Ailurus fulgens),其次为狼(Canis lupus)、大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)与香鼬(Mustela altaica)。从群落组成的角度来看,记录到的高山食肉动物8种,包括猪獾、石貂(Martes foina)、香鼬、黄鼬(Mustela sibirica)、雪豹(Panthera uncia)、豹猫、狼与赤狐(Vulpes vulpes);中低山食肉动物5种,包括小熊猫、大熊猫、黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)、花面狸(Paguma larvata)、黄喉貂;海拔3500 m为这2个动物群的大致分界线。在赤狐的粪便样品中共发现5个食物MOTU,主要来自鸡形目(Galliformes)、兔形目(Lagomorpha)和啮齿目(Rodentia);豹猫样品中共发现9个食物MOTU,分别属于兔形目、啮齿目、偶蹄目(Artiodactyla)、雀形目(Passeriformes)和鸡形目。初步弄清了卧龙保护区内野生食肉动物的组成、海拔分布,结果有助于保护区食肉动物的保护与监测。
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