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基于微卫星标记的藏原羚遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析
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基于微卫星标记的藏原羚遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析
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Journal Article
基于微卫星标记的藏原羚遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析
2025
Overview
遗传多样性和亲缘关系的研究对于野生动物种群的健康维持和长久繁衍具有重要意义。为评估三江源国家公园长江源园区藏原羚（Procapra picticaudata）种群的遗传多样性，共采集24个藏原羚集群的149份新鲜粪便样本，利用MB066、HDZ8和HDZ496等8个微卫星位点进行基因分型，最终识别出105个藏原羚个体，并利用性别鉴定引物确定其中有雌性77只，雄性28只。结果表明：8个微卫星位点的平均等位基因数为21.125，平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.708，观测杂合度（Ho）为0.219~0.914，平均值为0.645；期望杂合度（He）为0.265~0.937，平均值为0.724，显示该种群处于较高的遗传多样性水平。然而，近交系数为0.103，表明种群中存在杂合子缺失的情况，暗示有近交风险的存在。此外，亲缘关系分析共鉴定出36对亲子关系，涉及57只个体。这些亲子对多数出现在同一集群内，且以母女关系为主（占62.5%），而与雄性相关的亲子对（母子/父女/父子）仅占37.5%。研究结果为长江源园区藏原羚种群的遗传多样性评估和亲缘关系分析提供了新的视角和数据支持，对于制定有效的藏原羚保护策略和措施具有重要参考价值。
