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What Is Different about Informal Finance? Financing of Private Firms in China
by
Molnar, Margit
, Tanaka, Kensuke
in
Bank credit
/ Bank loans
/ Credit ratings
/ Finance
/ Financial economics
/ Financial institutions
/ Informal sector
/ Loan financing
/ Loans
/ Profitable firms
2008
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Do you wish to request the book?
What Is Different about Informal Finance? Financing of Private Firms in China
by
Molnar, Margit
, Tanaka, Kensuke
in
Bank credit
/ Bank loans
/ Credit ratings
/ Finance
/ Financial economics
/ Financial institutions
/ Informal sector
/ Loan financing
/ Loans
/ Profitable firms
2008
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What Is Different about Informal Finance? Financing of Private Firms in China
Journal Article
What Is Different about Informal Finance? Financing of Private Firms in China
2008
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Overview
In China's bank-based financial system, in parallel with formal banking institutions, there is a flourishing informal financial market. Informal financial institutions contribute to meeting the ever increasing credit demand of China's private enterprises that seem to be neglected by the largely state-owned formal banking sector. Private firms would prefer to borrow at lower cost from the formal sector, but in lack of credit history or credit rating they may be rejected. Smaller firms in non-manufacturing sectors and with lower profitability have less chance to obtain formal credit. Formal and informal financial institutions co-exist in China and have different approaches to lending decisions to the private sector. This paper investigates the determinants of the size of formal and informal financing and the conditions of access to formal bank loans across private firms. The result of the empirical analysis suggests that loan officers at formal and informal financial institutions take into account different factors when extending loans. While formal banks focus on past performance of the firm, such as credit rating, previous tax payments and credit history, as well as the size of the firm and manufacturing activities, informal institutions put a relatively higher weight on current operations. The amount of receivables is a very important determinant of the size of the loan extended. Further, informal institutions exploit the information on earlier borrowing from the formal banking sector, suggesting that they may economise on the monitoring costs and that there may be a certain merit of co-existence of formal and informal finance. /// En Chine, dont le système financier est fondé principalement sur les banques, il existe, parallèlement aux institutions bancaires formelles, un secteur financier informel florissant. Les institutions financières informelles contribuent à satisfaire la demande de crédits toujours croissante des entreprises privées chinoises qui semblent être négligées par le secteur bancaire formel essentiellement détenu par l'État. Les entreprises privées préféreraient emprunter auprès du secteur formel à un coût plus faible, mais en l'absence de notation et de réputation, elles y ont un accès limité. Les plus petites entreprises, n'appartenant pas aux secteurs industriels et ayant une rentabilité plus faible, ont donc moins de chance d'obtenir du crédit du secteur formel. Les institutions financières formelles et informelles coexistent en Chine et ont des critères différents dans leurs décisions de crédit. Cet article étudie les facteurs qui déterminent la taille des financements formel et informel ainsi que les conditions d'accès aux crédits bancaires formels des entreprises. Le résultat de cette étude empirique suggère que les deux types d'institutions prennent en compte des facteurs différents quand elles accordent des prêts. Alors que les banques formelles se focalisent sur les performances passées de l'entreprise, sa notation, les impôts payés ou sa réputation, les établissements informels sont plutôt sensibles aux conditions d'exploitation présentes. Le montant des créances commerciales est un critère très important dans la détermination de la taille du prêt accordé. De plus, les établissements informels utilisent l'information sur les emprunts contractés auprès du secteur formel, ce qui suggère qu'ils font, ainsi, des économies de coûts de surveillance et que la coexistence des finances formelle et informelle présente des avantages.
Publisher
Presses de Sciences Po
Subject
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