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Investigation as legitimisation: The development, use and misuse of informal complementarity
Investigation as legitimisation: The development, use and misuse of informal complementarity
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Investigation as legitimisation: The development, use and misuse of informal complementarity
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Investigation as legitimisation: The development, use and misuse of informal complementarity
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Investigation as legitimisation: The development, use and misuse of informal complementarity
Investigation as legitimisation: The development, use and misuse of informal complementarity
Journal Article

Investigation as legitimisation: The development, use and misuse of informal complementarity

2018
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Overview
This article introduces the idea of informal complementarity. Where the principle of complementarity allows the International Criminal Court (‘ICC’) to assess the admissibility of a particular case, informal complementarity is employed by states. It exists independently (or pre-emptively) of an International Criminal Court investigation. Appeals to informal complementarity speak fluidly of individual criminal proceedings and state-level investigations or inquiries. When a state appeals to informal complementarity, it is not immediately concerned with individual criminal liability or the admissibility of a particular case. Instead, informal complementarity serves to deny the state’s non-criminal responsibility. Appeals to informal complementarity constitute an emergent vocabulary. It increasingly features within the lexicon of states that engage in the use of force. It provides a novel means of asserting legitimacy. Within armed conflict, states are supplementing traditional appeals to international law and assertions of legal fidelity with claims of post-hoc legal accountability. Grounded within a study of Israel’s engagements with international law during and after the 2008–09 and 2014 Gaza wars, this article demonstrates that the post-war discourse has moved from exclusive assertions of legal compliance to include pronouncements of investigative willingness. Framed around the metaphor of the proleptic show trial, four phases of legal engagement are introduced that collectively constitute both an appeal to informal complementarity and an emergent means of asserting legitimacy.