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INDEXICALS: A PROBLEM FOR CHALMERS' TWO-DIMENSIONAL SEMANTICS
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Journal Article
INDEXICALS: A PROBLEM FOR CHALMERS' TWO-DIMENSIONAL SEMANTICS
2025
Overview
Como el propio Chalmers señala, su semántica bidimensional conduce al problema de cómo los escenarios–es decir, los mundos epistémicamente posibles– pueden representar de la mejor manera la información acerca de quién soy, dónde estoy y qué hora es ahora. Para Chalmers, la solución natural a este problema de la indexicalidad consiste en identificar los escenarios con mundos centrados-, tupias ordenadas de mundos (posibles), individuos, tiempos y lugares. Según esta solución, dos casos arbitrarios de \"ahora\" y \"aquí\" (respectivamente) tienen la misma intensión primaria (o epistémica), al designar el tiempo o el lugar marcados en el centro de cualquier escenario dado. Frente a esto, objetaré que hayr enunciados de \"Ahora = ahora\" y \"Aquí = aquí\" que son verdaderos a posteriori, es decir, epistémicamente contingentes. Dado que identificar los escenarios con mundos centrados parece ser la solución natural al problema de la indexicalidad, esto socavará la semántica bidimensional de Chalmers. PALABRAS CLAVE: mundos centrados, posibilidad epistémica, enunciados de identidad, verdades necesarias a posteriori, intensiones primarias SUMMARY: As Chalmers himself notes, his two-dimensional semantics leads to the problem of how scenarios, i.e. epistemically possible worlds, can best represent the information who I am, where I am, and what time it is now. For Chalmers, the natural solution to this problem of indexicality is to identify scenarios with centered worlds: ordered tuples of (possible) worlds, individuals, times, and places. According to such a solution, two arbitrary tokens of 'now' and 'here' (respectively) have the same primary (or epistemic) intension, picking out the time/place marked at the center of any given scenario. Against this, I will object that there are a posteriori true, i.e. epistemically contingent, utterances of both 'Now = now' and 'Here = here'. Since identifying scenarios with centered worlds seems to be the natural solution to the problem of indexicality, this will undermine Chalmers' two-dimensional semantics. KEYWORDS: centered worlds, epistemic possibility, identity statements, necessary a posteriori truths, primary' intensions
Publisher
UNAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Filosoficas
Subject
