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Modal Logic, the Qira'at, and Qur'anic Exegesis: Burhan al-Din al-Biqa i on Surat al-Tariq Verse 4
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Modal Logic, the Qira'at, and Qur'anic Exegesis: Burhan al-Din al-Biqa i on Surat al-Tariq Verse 4
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Journal Article
Modal Logic, the Qira'at, and Qur'anic Exegesis: Burhan al-Din al-Biqa i on Surat al-Tariq Verse 4
2025
Overview
The present article explores the application of modal logic to Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir). This is attempted through closely examining Burhan al-Din al-Biqa'i's (d. 1480 CE) commentary on a short Qur'anic verse, Qur'an 86:4 (Surat al-Tariq, verse 4). The article provides a detailed exposition of al-Biqa'i's commentary which pays particular attention to the two canonical readings in this verse. The article also outlines in detail the background logical theory behind al-Biqa'i's treatment of Qur'an 86:4. It is shown that while there is a general indifference to modal logic among Qur'an exegetes, al-Biqa'i's commentary on Qur'an 86:4 presents a notable exception. His analysis, I suggest, gives perhaps one of the most hospitable receptions of modal logic in the history of Qur'anic exegesis. It is hoped that the textual analysis conducted in the present article leads to a deeper understanding of not only al-Biqa'i's hermeneutics and the practical value of modal logic, but also of the application of logic to the Qur'an more generally. This is accomplished in three parts. This article begins by considering the variant readings (qira'at) of Qur'an 86:4, followed by an examination of treatments of this verse in major exegetical works written prior to al-Biqa'i. It then provides a brief introduction to the logical topics considered here, namely the Avicennan logic of modalities, contradiction, and exponible propositions. The article then turns to a detailed examination of al-Biqa'i's commentary on Qur'an 86:4, giving special attention to its logical component. Key words: Qur'an, qira'at, modal logic, tafsir; al-Biqa'i, hermeneutics
Publisher
Indiana University Press
Subject
