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Free-living N.sub.2 Fixation in Three Karst Shrublands, Southwest China
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Free-living N.sub.2 Fixation in Three Karst Shrublands, Southwest China
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Journal Article
Free-living N.sub.2 Fixation in Three Karst Shrublands, Southwest China
2019
Overview
Free-living N.sub.2 fixation is an important pathway of external nitrogen input to natural terrestrial ecosystems. However, few measurements of N.sub.2 fixation have been conducted in shrublands. Here, free-living N.sub.2 fixation in soil (or soil N.sub.2 fixation) and litter (or litter N.sub.2 fixation) in three shrublands was measured in a karst catchment, southwest China. The three shrublands were dominated by Pterolobium punctatum Hemsl., Vitex negundo Linn. and Rhus chinensis Mill., respectively. Field measurements were carried out in January and July 2016, respectively, using acetylene reduction assay. N.sub.2 fixation had distinct patterns among shrublands or between seasons. In January, no difference was found for soil N.sub.2 fixation among the three shrublands, but litter N.sub.2 fixation rate was highest in R. chinensis and lowest in P. punctatum. In July, soil N.sub.2 fixation rate was highest in R. chinensis and lowest in P. punctatum, but litter N.sub.2 fixation was significantly lower in P. punctatum than in the other two shrublands. Across the two seasons, soil N.sub.2 fixation rate in R. chinensis was 31% greater than that in P. punctatum, and litter N.sub.2 fixation rates in V. negundo and R. chinensis were 13 and 16 times greater than the rate in P. punctatum, respectively. Both soil and litter N.sub.2 fixation rates were similar between the two seasons in P. punctatum, but the rates were significantly higher in July than in January in the other two shrublands. Annual N.sub.2 fixation rates were estimated to vary from 0.63 ± 0.07 to 0.97 ± 0.08 kg N ha.sup.-1 y.sup.-1 for the three shrublands. The strongest explanatory variable for soil N.sub.2 fixation was total nitrogen in July; and that for litter N.sub.2 fixation was nitrogen in January, but was C:N ratio in July. Our findings suggest that large variation in N.sub.2 fixation may occur among shrublands within a small scale, and hence, more measurements are needed to get a representative range of N.sub.2 fixation rates for the shrubland biome.
Publisher
Springer
Subject
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