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THE IDDIR: AN INFORMAL INSURANCE ARRANGEMENT IN ETHIOPIA
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THE IDDIR: AN INFORMAL INSURANCE ARRANGEMENT IN ETHIOPIA
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THE IDDIR: AN INFORMAL INSURANCE ARRANGEMENT IN ETHIOPIA
THE IDDIR: AN INFORMAL INSURANCE ARRANGEMENT IN ETHIOPIA
Magazine Article

THE IDDIR: AN INFORMAL INSURANCE ARRANGEMENT IN ETHIOPIA

2010
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Overview
In the absence of formal insurance services, smallholder farmers are devoid of effective ways of managing numerous risks they encounter in their daily lives. One response mechanisms common among rural households is reliance on network-based collective action arrangement driven by motives of reciprocity and altruism. The indigenous financial institutions constitute a striking example of risk-sharing and risk-pooling arrangements widely practiced by the bulk of rural communities in Africa. Of these arrangements, the Ethiopian iddir can be considered as a unique and viable institution worth investigation to understand its nature and logic. Drawing on the synthesis of the available literature and household surveys, this study attempts to explain the essence and dynamism of iddir; describe its risk-pooling and risk-sharing mechanisms; investigate the principles and rules underlying its procedures and operations. It also assesses its rules using an analytical framework known as the \"institutional analysis and development framework\". This study can contribute to the debate concerning the logic and potential of informal institutions in, partially, meeting the insurance needs of smallholder farmers. It is important to understand and promote the mechanisms by which indigenous arrangements attempt to bridge the gap left by the formal sector. En l'absence de services d'assurance formelle, les petits agriculteurs sont dépourvus de moyens efficaces de gérer les risques qu'ils rencontrent dans leur vie quotidienne. Un mécanisme d'intervention commun des ménages ruraux est l'arrangement d'action collective basé sur le réseau, guidé par la réciprocité et l'altruisme. Les institutions financières indigènes constituent un exemple frappant du systeme de risk-pooling et risk-sharing largement pratiqué par la majorité des communautés rurales en Afrique. Parmi ces dispositions, les iddir éthiopiens peuvent être considérés comme une institution unique et viable et il vaut la peine d'en comprendre la nature et la logique. S'appuyant sur la synthese de la littrature et des enquêtes auprès des ménages disponibles, cette étude vise à expliquer l'essence et le dynamisme de l'iddir; décrire ses mécanismes de risk-pooling et risk-sharing; analyser les principes et les règies qui sont à la base de ses procédures et ses opérations. On évalue aussi ses règies en utilisant un cadre analytique connu sous le nom d'\"institutional analysis and development framework\". Cette étude peut contribuer au débat sur la logique et le potentiel des institutions informelles pour répondre, partiellement, aux besoins d'assurances des petits agriculteurs. Il est important de comprendre et de promouvoir les mécanismes par lesquels les arrangements autochtones tentent de combler le vide laissé par le secteur formel.