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Differential Host Susceptibility toBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis, an Emerging Amphibian Pathogen
by
Olson, D H
, Hua, J
, Hammond, Ji
, Gervasi, S S
, Blaustein, A R
, Relyea, R A
, Searle, Cl
in
Amphibia
/ Anura
2011
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Differential Host Susceptibility toBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis, an Emerging Amphibian Pathogen
by
Olson, D H
, Hua, J
, Hammond, Ji
, Gervasi, S S
, Blaustein, A R
, Relyea, R A
, Searle, Cl
in
Amphibia
/ Anura
2011
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Differential Host Susceptibility toBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis, an Emerging Amphibian Pathogen
Journal Article
Differential Host Susceptibility toBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis, an Emerging Amphibian Pathogen
2011
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Overview
The amphibian fungal pathogenBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Bd) has received considerable attention due to its role in amphibian population declines worldwide. Although many amphibian species appear to be affected by Bd, there is little information on species-specific differences in susceptibility to this pathogen. We used a comparative experimental approach to examine Bd susceptibility in 6 amphibian species from the United States. We exposed postmetamorphic animals to Bd for 30 days and monitored mortality, feeding rates, and infection levels. In all species tested, Bd-exposed animals had higher rates of mortality than unexposed (control) animals. However, we found differences in mortality rates among species even though the amount of Bd detected on the different species' bodies did not differ. Of the species tested, southern toads (Anaxyrus terrestris) and wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) had the highest rates of Bd-related mortality. Within species, we detected lower levels of Bd on individuals that survived longer and found that the relationship between body size and infection levels differed among species. Our results indicate that, even under identical conditions, amphibian species differ in susceptibility to Bd. This study represents a step toward identifying and understanding species variation in disease susceptibility, which can be used to optimize conservation strategies.Original Abstract: Resumen:El patogeno fungico de anfibiosBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) ha recibido considerable atencion debido a su papel en la declinacion de poblaciones de anfibios en todo el mundo. Aunque parece que muchas especies de anfibios son afectadas por Bd, existe poca informacion sobre diferencias especificas en la susceptibilidad a este patogeno. Utilizamos un metodo experimental comparativo para examinar la susceptibilidad a Bd en 6 especies anfibios de los Estados Unidos. Expusimos a animales postmetamorficos a Bd durante 30 dias y monitoreamos las tasas de mortalidad y de alimentacion, asi como los niveles de infeccion. En todas las especies probadas, los animales expuestos a Bd tuvieron mayores tasas de mortalidad entre especies aunque la cantidad de Bd detectada sobre los cuerpos de las diferentes especies no difirio. De las especies probadas,Anaxyrus terrestrisyLithobates sylvaticustuvieron las mayores tasas de mortalidad relacionada con Bd. Entre especies, detectamos niveles menores sobre indviduos que sobrevivieron mas tiempo y encontramos que la relacion entre el tamano del cuerpo y los niveles de infeccion difirio entre especies. Nuestros resultados indican que, aunque bajo condiciones identicas, las especies de anfibios difieren en susceptibilidad a Bd y representan un paso hacia la identificacion y comprension de la variacion entre especies de la susceptibilidad a enfermedades, que pueden ser utilizados para optimizar estrategias de conservacion.
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