Journal Article

日本近代教育における「生活綴方」による児童へのアイ デンティティ形成

منصور، نيرمين عز الدين

2024

Overview

In the late 1950s, Erikson proposed that the concept of identity was fundamental to psychoanalysis, explaining that it gave consistent positive meaning and value to an individual's existence, leading to a coherent and continuous sense of self. On the other hand, the American social psychologist Newcomb emphasized the social aspect of identity formation, noting that continuous interaction by others has a great meaning in identity formation. In the context of education, continuous guidance from teachers can contribute significantly to the formation of a child's self-awareness. By teaching a Japanese language course during the pre- World War II period in Japan, the time of teaching the \"Spelling of Life\" class in schools became a prominent time, encouraging children to explore their self-awareness. \"Spelling of Life\" is a class in which the teacher directs students to record life situations during their day outside of school, using all their senses to record their feelings as they are. Which led to enhancing a deep connection between children and their real-life experiences. Before the war, children lived in harsh living conditions in poor farming villages in Japan. Teachers' guidance and practices on how to observe and record daily life for use in the Spelling Life class played an important role in deepening these children's concept of identity. During the \"Spelling of Life\" class, they wrote essays based on real-life ideas from situations they had experienced and interviews they had with people in their daily lives. Which deepened the children's understanding of the problems of Japanese society and thus of their relationship and belonging to this society, with its reflection on freedom of expression in their articles that were collected and published later. This contributed to the anger of the government, which in turn led to the suppression of the \"Spelling of Life\" movement and curriculum. The post-war period witnessed a decline in the use of the Spelling of Life course as a teaching methodology. This may be due to the prioritization of subject-specific education in the new post-war democratic educational system. In addition, the post-war educational context witnessed a shift in the challenges faced by children, reducing the urgency of expression that had been the case in the pre-war period.

• Publisher: جامعة القاهرة - فرع الخرطوم - كلية الآداب
• Subject: التحليل النفسي / التعليم الياباني / اللغة اليابانية / هوية الطفل