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Simulation-Based Training and its Effect on Clinical Decision-Making and Performance among Paramedics
Simulation-Based Training and its Effect on Clinical Decision-Making and Performance among Paramedics
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Simulation-Based Training and its Effect on Clinical Decision-Making and Performance among Paramedics
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Simulation-Based Training and its Effect on Clinical Decision-Making and Performance among Paramedics
Simulation-Based Training and its Effect on Clinical Decision-Making and Performance among Paramedics
Journal Article

Simulation-Based Training and its Effect on Clinical Decision-Making and Performance among Paramedics

2025
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Overview
Background: Paramedics operate in dynamic, high-stakes prehospital environments that demand rapid, accurate decisionmaking and technical proficiency. Traditional training methods may not adequately expose learners to rare, critical scenarios. Simulation-based training (SBT) provides a controlled, feedback-driven environment that enhances both cognitive and procedural skills essential to emergency medical services (EMS). Objective: This systematic review evaluated evidence published between 2020 and 2025 regarding the impact of SBT on clinical decision-making and performance among paramedics and emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. Six databases-PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar- were searched for English-language empirical studies. Eligible studies involved licensed or student paramedics/EMTs participating in simulation-based interventions measuring decision-making, technical performance, or teamwork outcomes. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. Results: Out of 642 identified records, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included high-fidelity manikin simulations, mixed and virtual reality (VR/MR) systems, and hybrid models. Across studies, SBT significantly improved diagnostic accuracy, reasoning quality, task efficiency, and teamwork performance. For example, simulation-based point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) training increased diagnostic accuracy by 31% (p < 0.001). Mixed-reality environments enhanced situational awareness and communication effectiveness. Structured debriefing and repetitive exposure consistently emerged as key predictors of skill retention. Most studies demonstrated high methodological quality, though limited long-term follow-up and small sample sizes constrained generalizability. Conclusion: Simulation-based training effectively enhances clinical decision-making, procedural accuracy, and non-technical competencies among paramedics. High-fidelity and technology-enhanced simulations, coupled with deliberate practice and debriefing, offer scalable strategies for strengthening EMS education and operational readiness. Future research should focus on long-term retention, real-world transferability, and integration of artificial intelligence-assisted feedback systems to optimize training outcomes.
Publisher
مركز البحث وتطوير الموارد البشرية - رماح