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La myse en abyme en The Drowned World de James G. Ballard
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Journal Article
La myse en abyme en The Drowned World de James G. Ballard
2025
Overview
At the beginning of the 1960s, the New Wave of British science fiction sought to revitalise the genre by incorporating more contemporary themes (drugs, sex, criticism of consumerist society and the media) as well as new narrative and expressive formulas, with the aim of entering the mainstream. James G. Ballard was a forerunner of this trend thanks to a series of stories and experimental novels that embraced the worldviews of surrealism, situationism and nouveau roman. The mise en abyme, a recurring technique in this new body of work, was incorporated into the early novels by Ballard, a process which culminated with The Drowned World, in which the technique became highly complex. This article examines the three cases of mise en abyme in the novel, beginning with a theoretical discussion of this literary device, adding a certain Heideggerian approach related to the image of the world in art. The article then goes on to analyze in detail the paintings that operate as mises en abyme in the novel, classifying them and ref lecting on their relationship with the work as a whole and the reader, as well as the significance in the renewing context of science fiction of the decade
A comienzos de los años sesenta, la New Wave de la ciencia ficción británica pretendió renovar el género incorporando nuevos temas acordes con la época (drogas, sexo, crítica a la sociedad de consumo y a los medios de comunicación) y nuevas fórmulas narrativas y expresivas con el objetivo de incorporarse a la literatura mainstream. James G. Ballard se situó a la cabeza de este movimiento con una serie de relatos y novelas experimentales que hacían suyos los postulados del surrealismo, el situacionismo y el nouveau roman. La mise en abyme, técnica recurrente en las nuevas narrativas, se incorporó a las primeras novelas ballardianas y especialmente a The Drowned World, en la que adquirió un alto grado de complejidad. Este artículo examina los tres casos de mise en abyme de esta novela, a partir de la discusión teórica sobre esta figura a la que se ha añadido un cierto enfoque heideggeriano relativo a la imagen del mundo en la obra artística. El artículo analiza pormenorizadamente las pinturas que operan como mises en abyme en la novela, las clasifica y reflexiona sobre su relación con el conjunto de la obra y frente al lector, así como su significación en el contexto renovador de la ciencia ficción de la década.
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