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基于简化基因组测序的吐鲁番沙虎遗传多样性分析
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基于简化基因组测序的吐鲁番沙虎遗传多样性分析
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Journal Article
基于简化基因组测序的吐鲁番沙虎遗传多样性分析
2026
Overview
吐鲁番沙虎（Teratoscincus roborowskii）是我国吐鲁番盆地特有的爬行动物，也是国家二级保护动物。为评估其遗传多样性及群体结构，本研究以鄯善（SS）、托克逊（TS）、吐鲁番（TP）和艾丁湖（AL）4个盆地内居群的32只个体为研究对象，通过基因分型测序（GBS）技术在全基因组范围开发单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分子标记，最终获得90 543个高质量SNP位点。基于获得的SNPs数据进行了遗传多样性、系统发育与群体遗传结构分析。结果表明：遗传多样性分析显示，各居群观测杂合度（Ho）均高于期望杂合度（He），Ho均值为0.241，He均值为0.232，其中AL居群的多样性最高。居群间遗传分化程度存在差异，SS与TS居群间的遗传分化系数（FST）最大（0.157）；TP与AL居群间的FST最小（0.014）。系统发育树与群体遗传结构分析的结果一致，即SS居群单独聚簇，其余3个居群聚为一簇。Tajima’s D中性检验结果提示该物种可能经历了近期群体收缩或受到平衡选择影响。综合表明，吐鲁番沙虎在遗传结构上呈现显著的东（SS居群）—西（TP、TS、AL居群）分化及其遗传多样性特征可能受地理隔离与群体历史过程的共同影响。研究结果为进一步理解吐鲁番沙虎适应性进化及开展物种保护提供了基因组学依据。
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