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高原鼠兔细菌群落的生物地理图谱
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高原鼠兔细菌群落的生物地理图谱
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Journal Article
高原鼠兔细菌群落的生物地理图谱
2025
Overview
高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）是青藏高原最具特色的小型哺乳动物之一，对青藏高原的生态系统有着重要作用。对高原鼠兔特定部位的细菌群落已有一些研究，但对多个部位细菌群落的生物地理图谱研究较少。为了探究高原鼠兔不同部位的细菌群落组成的差异，从青藏高原门源地区捕捉高原鼠兔，分别采集其脸部、毛发、肝脏、胃部、小肠和盲肠的样本，使用16S rRNA基因测序技术表征这些部位的细菌群落。结果表明：高原鼠兔不同部位的细菌群落组成差异较大，其脸部、毛发、肝脏、胃部和小肠中变形菌门（Proteobacteria）的相对丰度最高，而在盲肠中厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）的相对丰度最高。盲肠中细菌alpha多样性最高，肝脏中最低。Beta多样性分析显示，高原鼠兔脸部和毛发的细菌图谱与消化器官（肝脏、胃部、小肠和盲肠）的细菌图谱存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。网络分析显示，高原鼠兔脸部和毛发的细菌网络复杂性高于消化器官。群落组装分析显示，脸部、毛发、肝脏和盲肠的细菌群落组装以确定性过程为主导，而胃部和小肠的细菌群落组装以随机性过程为主导。结果揭示了高原鼠兔不同部位间的生物地理图谱差异，并确定了不同部位中的特征细菌群落。这对于阐明区域微生物生态位和绘制完整的高原鼠兔微生物组的生物地理图谱具有重要意义。
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