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中国三北地区2011—2020年大中型兽类多样性红外相机调查状况与评估
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中国三北地区2011—2020年大中型兽类多样性红外相机调查状况与评估
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Journal Article
中国三北地区2011—2020年大中型兽类多样性红外相机调查状况与评估
2025
Overview
大中型兽类是生态系统中具有标识性和重要生态功能的动物类群，了解三北地区大中型兽类物种的组成与分布现状是三北地区生物多样性保护的基础。本研究基于全面的文献检索，以中国三北地区体质量≥1 kg的陆生兽类物种为目标类群，汇总整理了2011—2020年中国三北地区目标兽类的分布数据，以红外相机实地调查的观测记录为主体，共收集到文献与数据集376份，汇总物种记录2 158条。结果显示：在三北地区2011—2020年共记录到分属6目15科的目标兽类68种，占全国目标兽类物种总数的48.23%。其中，被列为国家一级和二级重点保护野生动物的兽类分别有29种和27种，被中国红色名录评估为受威胁（CR、EN、VU）的物种有40种。三北地区中，西北地区是记录目标类群兽类物种数最多（63种）的区域，甘肃则是记录物种数最多（49种）的省级行政区。在不同动物地理分区中，青藏区是记录物种数（41种）最多的区域，内蒙古高原区的记录物种数最少（22种）。新疆是记录目标类群兽类平均体质量（81.11 kg）最大的省级行政区。三北地区目前共记录到6种大型顶级食肉动物，而北京、天津、辽宁三省市无大型顶级食肉动物记录。本研究的结果可以加深我们对近10年三北地区兽类资源现状的了解，为后续三北地区兽类物种的多样性编目更新，以及受威胁物种的研究与保护管理工作提供重要的基础资料。
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