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梅花鹿粪便中线粒体DNAD-loop区异质性的研究
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梅花鹿粪便中线粒体DNAD-loop区异质性的研究
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梅花鹿粪便中线粒体DNAD-loop区异质性的研究
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Journal Article
梅花鹿粪便中线粒体DNAD-loop区异质性的研究
2025
Overview
线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的异质性（heteroplasmy）是多种不同序列的mtDNA拷贝共存于一个个体的现象，对线粒体、细胞和组织的机能产生明显的影响。粪便是野生动物研究中最易得的材料，含有动物肠上皮脱落的细胞及其DNA，其中的mtDNA异质性可以反映个体在各种因素影响下肠上皮细胞DNA的稳定性，为揭示个体的适合度、生态对策等提供新的线索。梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）是森林生态系统中的关键物种，其肠上皮中mtDNA异质性的特点尚未见报道。本研究用27只6～96月龄的圈养梅花鹿粪便样本，采用PCR扩增子高通量测序技术，对mtDNA D-loop区的异质性进行定量分析。结果显示：D-loop区广泛分布着异质性位点，但相对集中于第175～368位碱基的高变区（HyperHPR），而第597～687位碱基区间则较少发生，为保守区（HypoHPR）。HyperHPR异质性突变的多样性（HDα）极显著高于HypoHPR（P < 0.001）。转换（TS）是主要碱基替换类型，其发生频率远高于颠换（TV）。HyperHPR中TS/TV平均为0.11，而HypoHPR平均为0.19，说明异质性突变在HypoHPR受到更强的选择性清除。无论是在D-loop区、HyperHPR与HypoHPR，雌雄个体之间异质性突变指标均无显著差异（D-loop区，
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