Journal Article

Osmanlı Dönemi Arap Edebiyatında Tarih Düşürme Şiirleri ya da Şiirle Tarih Düşürme / Poems of Identifying Date or Identifying Date with Poems in Arabic Literature in the Ottoman Period

DEMİRAYAK, Kenan

2014

Overview

Öz: Tarih düşürme, önem verilen ya da dikkat çeken bir olayın yılını veya tarihini göstermek üzere, ebced hesabıyla bir cümle, bir mısra ya da beyit söyleme sanatıdır. Arap Edebiyatında şiirle tarih düşürmenin kesin olarak ne zaman başladığı bilinmiyor. Tarih düşürme sanatı Arap edebiyatının Osmanlılar döneminde geliştirilmiş, şairler bu hususta çeşitli tarzlar ortaya koymuşlar, bu alanda o dönemin başlangıcında en-Nâblusî’nin öğrencisi Abdurrahmân el-Behlûl şöhret olmuşsa da, bu sanat birçok şair tarafından kullanılmıştır. Konuları bakımından tarih düşürme, doğum, ölüm, padişahların tahta çıkışı, tayin, bir görevden azledilme, sünnet, evlenme, bazı yapıların inşası, onarımı, savaş, barış ve anlaşma gibi hayatın hemen her alanına girmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Tarih Düşürme Sanatı, Ebced Hesabı, Osmanlı Dönemi Arap Edebiyatı.Abstract: Composing chronograms is a literary art of composing a verse or a couplet with the ebced in order to show the full date or year of a significant event. It is not clearly known when composing chronograms by verse started in Arabic literature. Composing chronograms was developed in Arabic literature of Ottoman era and poets created various styles in this art. Though Abdurrahman al-Behlûl who was a disciple of al- Nâblusî  became famous for this art in the beginning of the era, this art was used by several other poets. In terms of their topics, creating chronograms covered almost all topics of daily life such as birth, death, accession of sultans to the throne, appointment or removal of a person, circumcision, marriage, building or repair of some facilities, a war, peace or a deal.Keywords: the art of identifying date, the calculation of a date by adding up the numerical values of Arabic letters, Arabic Literature in the Ottoman period. Composing chronograms is a literary art of composing a verse or a couplet with the ebced in order to show the full date or year of a significant event. It is not clearly known when composing chronograms by verse started in Arabic literature. Composing chronograms was developed in Arabic literature of Ottoman era and poets created various styles in this art. Though Abdurrahman al-Behlûl who was a disciple of al-Nâblusî became famous for this art in the beginning of the era, this art was used by several other poets. In terms of their topics, creating chronograms covered almost all topics of daily life such as birth, death, accession of sultans to the throne, appointment or removal of a person, circumcision, marriage, building or repair of some facilities, a war, peace or a deal

• Publisher: İstanbul Üniversitesi
• Subject: Tarih Düşürme Sanatı, Ebced Hesabı, Osmanlı / The art of identifying date, the calculation of a date by adding up the numerical values of Arabic letters, Arabic Literature in the Ottoman period