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The perigranitic W-Au Salau deposit (Pyrenees, France): polyphase genesis of a late Variscan intrusion related deposit
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The perigranitic W-Au Salau deposit (Pyrenees, France): polyphase genesis of a late Variscan intrusion related deposit
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Journal Article
The perigranitic W-Au Salau deposit (Pyrenees, France): polyphase genesis of a late Variscan intrusion related deposit
2020
Overview
Afield study combined with a laboratory study and 3D modeling have been performed in orderto decipher the genesis of the Salau deposit W-Au mineralization (Pyrenees, France), one of the mostimportant for tungsten in Europe. Results show the existence of two superimposed ore types, emplaced ca.10 km depth and within decreasing temperature conditions: a calcic silicates skarn with rare scheelite anddisseminated sulphides followed by a mineralized breccia with massive sulphides (pyrrhotite andchalcopyrite dominant), coarse-grained scheelite and gold, representing the main part of the ore mined in thepast. This breccia is localized in ductile-brittle shear-zones which crosscut the granodiorite. U/Pb dating onzircon, apatite and scheelite, previously realized, confirmed this polyphase evolution. These two types ofmineralization, linked to the emplacement of two successive intrusions as confirmed by sulphur isotopicanalysis, granodioritic then leucogranitic, can be classified as belonging to the Intrusion-Related GoldDeposit type (IRGD). The emplacement of the high-grade gold and scheelite breccia was initiated by theprogressive localization of the regional deformation in the Axial Zone of the Pyrenees during the Permianwithin E-W dextral-reverse faults.
Une étude de terrain combinée à une étude de laboratoire et demodélisation 3D a été réalisée afin de décrypter la genèse de la minéralisation à W-Au du gisement de Salau(Pyrénées, France), une des plus importantes d’Europe pour le tungstène. Les résultats montrent qu’il existedeux types de minéralisations superposées, mises en place vers 10 km de profondeur et dans des conditionsdécroissantes de température : un skarn à silicates calciques, rare scheelite et sulfures disséminés, suivid’une brèchefilonienne à sulfures massifs (pyrrhotite et chalcopyrite dominante), scheelite grossière et orqui a constitué l’essentiel du minerai lors de la phase d’exploitation. Cette brèche se localise dans une sériede zones de cisaillement ductile-fragile recoupant l’intrusion granodioritique. Les datations U/Pb sur zircon,apatite et scheelite réalisées antérieurement, confirment ce polyphasage. Ces deux minéralisations, associéesà deux intrusions successives comme le confirment les analyses isotopiques du soufre, granodioritique puisleucogranitique, s’inscrivent dans l’évolution d’un modèle Intrusion Related Gold Deposit. La mise en placede la brèchefilonienne à forte teneur en or et scheelite est initiée par la localisation progressive de ladéformation régionale dans la Zone axiale des Pyrénées durant le Permien au sein de failles E-W dextresinverses.
Publisher
Société géologique de France - EDP Sciences
Subject
