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The Pliocene Xoconostle high sulfidation epithermal deposit in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
by
Camprubí, Antoni
, Gabites, Janet
, Fuentes-Guzmán, Edith
, Colá, Vanessa
, González-Partida, Eduardo
in
Short note
2020
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The Pliocene Xoconostle high sulfidation epithermal deposit in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
by
Camprubí, Antoni
, Gabites, Janet
, Fuentes-Guzmán, Edith
, Colá, Vanessa
, González-Partida, Eduardo
in
Short note
2020
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The Pliocene Xoconostle high sulfidation epithermal deposit in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
Journal Article
The Pliocene Xoconostle high sulfidation epithermal deposit in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
2020
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Overview
The Xoconostle prospect in northeastern Michoacán state, south-central Mexico, is constituted by high sulfidation epithermal breccias and stockworks with Au and Hg prospective anomalies. The mineralization is hosted by latest Miocene to Pliocene rocks grouped into the El Terrero ignimbrite and the Siete Cruces dome complex and a stock of intermediate composition and undetermined (Pliocene?) age. Two alunite samples from deep hypogene advanced argillic alteration assemblages within the deposit yielded 40Ar/39Ar ages at 5.57 ± 0.44 (Messinian) and 3.67 ± 0.20 Ma (Zanclean). Such ages are in good agreement with those of volcanic rocks at a semi-regional scale, especially those associated with the nearby Amealco caldera. Assuming that the formation of Xoconostle deposit could be genetically related to any of the eruptive units in this caldera, it would be associated with dacitic-andesitic rocks at ~4.7 Ma or with bimodal andesite-basalt volcanism at ~3.7 Ma, with which rhyolites at the southwest rim of the caldera (nearer to the epithermal deposit) are contemporaneous. The obtained ages are also in good agreement with those determined for the youngest stages in the evolution of the Trans- Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). In addition, such ages compare well with those established for the E-W striking Morelia-Acambay normal fault zone (or Acambay graben). The occurrence of E-W structural features in the study area support their correlation with those in the Acambay graben. Although the metallogenesis of the TMVB needs further endeavours that contribute to its understanding, the Xoconostle prospect adds up to other dated magmatic-hydrothermal deposits that may collectively constitute a Pliocene metallogenic province whose inception was geologically circumscribed to this volcanic arc. However, this and its companion papers in this issue confirm the metallogenic potential of the TMVB in most of its stages of evolution, particularly in the late Miocene- Pliocene stage of acid and bimodal volcanism.
El prospecto Xoconostle, al noreste del estado de Michoacán en el sur-centro de México, está constituido por brechas y stockworks epitermales de alta sulfuración que contienen anomalías prospectivas en Au y Hg. Este depósito está alojado por rocas del Mioceno terminal al Plioceno que se agrupan en la ignimbrita El Terrero y el complejo de domos Siete Cruces, además de un stock de composición intermedia y edad indeterminada (¿Plioceno?). Dos muestras de alunita procedentes de asociaciones de alteración argílica avanzada hipogénica profunda en el depósito arrojaron edades 40Ar/39Ar de 5.57 ± 0.44 (Messiniano) y 3.67 ± 0.20 Ma (Zancleano). Dichas edades son contemporáneas con las edades de rocas volcánicas a escala semi-regional, particularmente las asociadas a la cercana caldera de Amealco. Asumiendo que la formación del depósito de Xoconostle pudiera estar relacionada genéticamente con alguna de las unidades eruptivas que se encuentran en esta caldera, éste se asociaría con rocas dacíticas-andesíticas de ~4.7 Ma o bien con volcanismo bimodal andesítico-basáltico de ~3.7 Ma, con el cual son contemporáneas riolitas del extremo suroccidental del borde de la caldera (el más cercano al depósito epitermal). Las edades obtenidas también se corresponden bien, a escala regional, con las determinadas para las etapas más recientes en la evolución de la Faja Volcánica Trans-Mexicana (FVTM). Adicionalmente, dichas edades son congruentes con las determinadas para la zona de fallas normales E-W Morelia-Acambay (o graben de Acambay). La presencia de rasgos estructurales con orientación E-W en el área de estudio apoya la correlación de éstos con los del graben de Acambay. Aunque la metalogenia de la FVTM precisa de mayor esfuerzo para contribuir a su mejor comprensión, el prospecto Xoconostle se agrega al conjunto de otros depósitos magmático-hidrotermales ya fechados que pudieran constituir colectivamente una provincia metalogenética en el Plioceno cuyo origen haya estado circunscrito geológicamente al de este arco volcánico. Sin embargo, éste y los trabajos que lo acompañan en este número confirman el potencial metalogenético de la FVTM en la mayoría de sus etapas evolutivas, particularmente en la etapa de volcanismo ácido y bimodal del Mioceno tardío-Plioceno.
Publisher
Sociedad Geológica Mexicana & Instituto de Geología UNAM
Subject
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