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L’écart salarial entre femmes et hommes dans un tissage de coton gantois au XIXe siècle
by
Scholliers, Peter
2021
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L’écart salarial entre femmes et hommes dans un tissage de coton gantois au XIXe siècle
by
Scholliers, Peter
2021
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L’écart salarial entre femmes et hommes dans un tissage de coton gantois au XIXe siècle
Journal Article
L’écart salarial entre femmes et hommes dans un tissage de coton gantois au XIXe siècle
2021
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Overview
Cette contribution examine l’écart salarial entre une catégorie d’ouvriers et d’ouvrières de 1835 à 1914, en étudiant des tâches semblables au niveau d’une entreprise. Les livres de paye du tissage Voortman à Gand permettent l’analyse détaillée des salaires hebdomadaires des tisseuses et tisseurs. À long terme, l’écart atteint à peine 2% en moyenne, mais à court terme d’importantes différences apparaissent, atteignant même 40%. L’évolution des salaires s’explique par la marche générale des affaires, la mécanisation et le marché du travail. L’explication des écarts implique l’analyse de la qualité, de la taille et du nombre des tissus produits: les tisseurs fabriquaient des tissus plus larges (et mieux payés) que les tisseuses, mais celles-ci produisaient plus de toile, ce qui en fin de compte explique l’écart salarial minime.
This paper examines the pay gap between a category of male and female workers with similar tasks in one enterprise from 1835 to 1914. The payrolls of the Voortman weaving mill in Ghent allow a very detailed analysis of the weekly wages of male and female weavers. In the long run, the difference is barely 2% on average, but in the short term, sizeable differences appear, even reaching 40%. The trend in wages is explained by the general course of business, mechanisation, and the labour market. The explanation of the gaps involves an analysis of the quality, the size and the number of fabrics: male weavers produced larger fabrics (that were better paid) than female weavers, but the latter made more cloths, which ultimately explains the small pay gap.
Publisher
Presses de Sciences Po
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