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The tomato SISHINE3 transcription factor regulates fruit cuticle formation and epidermal patterning
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The tomato SISHINE3 transcription factor regulates fruit cuticle formation and epidermal patterning
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Journal Article
The tomato SISHINE3 transcription factor regulates fruit cuticle formation and epidermal patterning
2013
Overview
Fleshy tomato fruit typically lacks stomata; therefore, a proper cuticle is particularly vital for fruit development and interaction with the surroundings. Here, we characterized the tomato SISHINE3 (SISHN3) transcription factor to extend our limited knowledge regarding the regulation of cuticle formation in fleshy fruits.
We created SISHN3 overexpressing and silenced plants, and used them for detailed analysis of cuticular lipid compositions, phenotypic characterization, and the study on the mode of SISHN3 action.
Heterologous expression of SISHN3 in Arabidopsis phenocopied overexpression of the Ara-bidopsis SHNs. Silencing of SISHN3 results in profound morphological alterations of the fruit epidermis and significant reduction in cuticular lipids. We demonstrated that SISHN3 activity is mediated by control of genes associated with cutin metabolism and epidermal cell patterning. As with SISHN3 RNAi lines, mutation in the SISHN3 target gene, SICYP86A69, resulted in severe cutin deficiency and altered fruit surface architecture. In vitro activity assays demonstrated that SICYP86A69 possesses NADPH-dependent x-hydroxylation activity, particularly of C18:1 fatty acid to the 18-hydroxyoleic acid cutin monomer.
This study provided insights into transcriptional mechanisms mediating fleshy fruit cuticle formation and highlighted the link between cutin metabolism and the process of fruit epidermal cell patterning.
