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Post-translational control is sufficient to coordinate membrane synthesis with growth in Escherichia coli
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Post-translational control is sufficient to coordinate membrane synthesis with growth in Escherichia coli
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Post-translational control is sufficient to coordinate membrane synthesis with growth in Escherichia coli
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Paper
Post-translational control is sufficient to coordinate membrane synthesis with growth in Escherichia coli
2019
Overview
Every cell must produce enough membrane to contain itself. However, the mechanisms by which cells couple the rate of membrane synthesis with the rate of growth remain unresolved. By measuring precursors, intermediates, and enzymes of the fatty acid and phospholipid synthesis pathways of Escherichia coli, we show that while fatty acid and membrane synthesis capacities are maintained at a constant level across a 3-fold range of growth rates, the steady-state rate of phospholipid synthesis is principally mediated by allosteric control of a single enzyme, PlsB. Surprisingly, metabolic modelling indicates that PlsB activity also strongly influences flux into the synthesis pathway of lipopolysaccharide, the second-most abundant membrane component. In contrast to steady-state regulation, we find that responses to environmental perturbations are triggered directly via changes in acetyl-CoA concentrations, enabling rapid adaptation. Adaptations are further modulated by ppGpp, which regulates PlsB activity during slow growth and growth arrest. The strong reliance upon post-translational regulation for flux control ensures both robustness and responsiveness of membrane synthesis.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Subject
