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Dimensional Changes in Peri-implant Buccal Bone and Soft Tissue in Grafted and Native Bone: Preliminary Results of an Ongoing Prospective Study in Humans
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Dimensional Changes in Peri-implant Buccal Bone and Soft Tissue in Grafted and Native Bone: Preliminary Results of an Ongoing Prospective Study in Humans
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Dimensional Changes in Peri-implant Buccal Bone and Soft Tissue in Grafted and Native Bone: Preliminary Results of an Ongoing Prospective Study in Humans
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Dissertation
Dimensional Changes in Peri-implant Buccal Bone and Soft Tissue in Grafted and Native Bone: Preliminary Results of an Ongoing Prospective Study in Humans
2019
Overview
Aim & Hypothesis: The primary objective of this prospective clinical study was to compare the dimensional changes of peri-implant buccal bone between grafted and native bone during the submerged healing period. We hypothesized the dimensional changes of peri-implant buccal bone were greater in implants placed in grafted bone than native bone. Secondarily, the influence of initial buccal bone thickness on the stability of peri-implant buccal bone was also assessed.Materials & Methods: Patients receiving dental implants were enrolled based on three different healing conditions: 1) augmented alveolar ridges, 2) grafted sockets, and 3) pristine bone. The thickness of peri-implant buccal bone was measured during implant surgery at implant shoulder and 2, 4 and 6 mm apical to the shoulder using a manufactured measuring device. After 3–4 months of submerged healing, the second stage implant surgery was performed, and the above measurements were repeated. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in vertical and horizontal bone changes. Spearman rank correlation was applied to investigate the correlation between initial buccal bone thickness and peri-implant buccal bone change.Results: A total of eighteen patients–two in GBR group, eight in RP group and eight in Control group–were enrolled in this study. For the horizontal change of buccal bone, RP group showed statistically significant higher horizontal bone resorption than control group at 2mm apical to the implant shoulder level (p = 0.03), and there were no statistically significant differences at shoulder and 4, 6 mm apical to the shoulder. No differences were detected in the vertical changes of peri-implant buccal bone. The initial buccal bone thickness had a moderate negative linear correlation with the peri-implant buccal bone horizontal change at the implant shoulder level. (Rs: −0.65, p = 0.02)Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first prospective clinical study to compare peri-implant buccal bone dimensional changes in three different healing conditions. Our current sample size has a limited power to detect more statistically significant differences. However, the preliminary results showed the trend that implants placed in preserved ridges have more horizontal bone resorption than native bone at 2mm apical to the implant shoulder level during the submerged healing period. Additionally, the amount of peri-implant buccal bone horizontal resorption was inversely associated with initial buccal thickness at the implant shoulder level.
