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Mineral and Microbial Controls on Soil Carbon Priming
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Mineral and Microbial Controls on Soil Carbon Priming
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Dissertation
Mineral and Microbial Controls on Soil Carbon Priming
2020
Overview
Due to soil carbon (C) being greater than the atmosphere and vegetation combined, the fate of soil C could have lasting and drastic implications on atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. In recent years, the understanding of what constitutes “stable” soil organic C (C that is resistant to microbial decomposition) has shifted. Conventionally, stable soil organic C was considered to primarily comprise “recalcitrant” compounds difficult for microorganisms to break down. More recently, the importance of mineral interactions (especially that of non-crystalline short-range order minerals) with organic matter leading to mineral-associated C less accessible for microbial decomposition. Here, we utilized stable carbon and oxygen isotopes to investigate the potential stabilization and destabilization of native soil C in soils of different mineral assemblages in order to better understand how different minerals may protect soil C from microbial decomposition. In Chapter 1, I introduce the topics of soil carbon decomposition and what constitutes soil organic matter resistance to decomposition, the priming effect, and mineral and microbial drivers on soil carbon decomposition and priming. In Chapter 2, I present a comprehensive meta-analysis that demonstrates that priming is the typical response of fresh plant carbon input to soil yet may not lead to greater soil carbon loss. In Chapter 3, I show similar respiration and priming responses due to fresh inputs of either root exudate or plant litter carbon, and that soils abundant in short-range order minerals may lead to greater priming responses compared to soils less abundant in mineral-protected carbon. In Chapter 4, I show that the presence of short-range order minerals in soil leads to a reduction in taxon-specific bacterial growth for a large fraction of bacterial taxa, and that soil type maybe of equal or greater importance than taxonomy on bacterial growth rates. In Chapter 5, I demonstrate that short-term priming responses may be due to microbial growth more than disruption of mineral-protected carbon, and that fresh organic carbon input is quickly taken up in the mineral fraction of soil.
Publisher
ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Subject
ISBN
9798641512242
