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Elucidating the Role of β-arrestin1 in the Murine Circadian Clock
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Elucidating the Role of β-arrestin1 in the Murine Circadian Clock
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Dissertation
Elucidating the Role of β-arrestin1 in the Murine Circadian Clock
2022
Overview
β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 are proteins of the arrestin family that regulate G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which include receptors of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) required for responding and entraining to photic signals. Both β-arrestins are ubiquitously expressed and are found in abundant levels in the SCN. No study to date has examined the role of β-arrestins within the mammalian master clock, the SCN. Our research revealed that the absence of β-arrestin1 in mice led to impaired photic response and entrainment, along with an attenuated phase shift and reduced wheel-running activity. At the molecular level, we found disrupted p-ERK induction and modest differences in the basal expression of PER2. No difference was observed in the induction of several immediate early genes. Impaired photic responses led to investigations on melanopsin-expressing cells of the retina; however, no morphological difference was uncovered in the retina or in the expression of melanopsin. We found that the absence of β-arrestin2 established no change in circadian behaviours of our mice. These findings identify β-arrestin1 as a potential regulator of photic entrainment and suggests that β-arrestin2 may be dispensable in circadian regulation. Further experiments are needed to uncover the precise role and mechanism of action of β-arrestins in circadian timekeeping.
