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Contributions to the understanding of deep excavations in stiff clay and stiffness anisotropy also pile shaft friction and sand-steel interfaces
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Contributions to the understanding of deep excavations in stiff clay and stiffness anisotropy also pile shaft friction and sand-steel interfaces
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Dissertation
Contributions to the understanding of deep excavations in stiff clay and stiffness anisotropy also pile shaft friction and sand-steel interfaces
2008
Overview
Field monitoring of the Lion Yard deep excavation was carried out, concentrating mainly on one panel of the diaphragm wall. A back-analysis of the inferred bending moments in the wall showed the main uncertainties to lie in the choice of concrete model, the value of the concrete modulus, and the interpretation of scattered wall rotation data. Because of concrete cracking, the measured tensile rebar stresses were found to be unreliable and future monitoring should include compressive rebar stresses. Overall wall equilibrium was checked using prop load, earth pressure and wall rotation data, enabling the reliability of the measured earth pressures to be assessed. Detailed analysis of the wet concrete pressures in this and other walls led to the appreciation of the bi-linear distribution with depth. Numerical modelling of wall installation revealed the main mechanisms of load transfer, providing a convincing explanation for the observed large reductions in lateral stress accompanied by only small ground movements. Horizontal bender elements were used to measure the two anisotropic elastic shear moduli of Gault clay specimens, revealing strong stiffness anisotropy. Three static and two dynamic measurements were combined to deduce all 5 elastic stiffness parameters for the first time. All 3-parameter models of stiffness anisotropy in the literature were shown to be functions of the four cross-anisotropic parameters that control triaxial deformations. Relationships between drained and undrained elastic parameters were derived and a new graph introduced to show their limited values graphically. A new bender/extender element was produced that can be used to measure shear and constrained moduli over a common path with a single pair of transducers.
Publisher
ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Subject
