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THE MANIFESTATION OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL RESOURCES IN COPING WITH A MAJOR STRESSFUL EVENT
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THE MANIFESTATION OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL RESOURCES IN COPING WITH A MAJOR STRESSFUL EVENT
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Dissertation
THE MANIFESTATION OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL RESOURCES IN COPING WITH A MAJOR STRESSFUL EVENT
1987
Overview
People differ in their capacity to manage and overcome stressful experiences. Although research now attends to the personal and environmental resources people marshall in the face of stress, most studies examine their importance for stress outcomes, e.g., illness, rather than determining to what extent and when these resources are activated in the process of coping. Accordingly, this study uses a prospective design to trace the manifestation of personal (test anxiety) and environmental (social ties) resources in patterns of emotional distress and coping among 52 premedical students in response to a major stressor, a medical school entrance examination. Using a three-wave panel design, changes in coping were monitored at thirty-five days before, ten days before, and seventeen days after the examination. A thirty-five day daily diary design, situated symmetrically around the examination day, was used to monitor changes in emotional distress. Group variation in emotion and coping increased as the examination approached and as latent vulnerabilities and resources became manifest under stress. Compared to low test-anxious subjects, high test-anxious subjects became highly distressed as the examination and engaged in relatively more emotion-focused, avoidant coping. In contrast, social ties were more weakly related to the emotion and coping process variables and did not predict them until the week before the examination. At that time, those most socially isolated showed the highest level of emotional distress. Thus, there are differences in when resources are activated and in the extent to which they affect patterns of emotion and coping. In sum, this study demonstrates that stress researchers must not only identify sources of vulnerability and resilience to stress, but must also attend to how and when these resources are manifested.
Publisher
ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
ISBN
9798206135077
