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Management of an Invasive Wasp and a Native Weevil in Commercial Chestnut Orchards in Michigan
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Management of an Invasive Wasp and a Native Weevil in Commercial Chestnut Orchards in Michigan
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Dissertation
Management of an Invasive Wasp and a Native Weevil in Commercial Chestnut Orchards in Michigan
2025
Overview
Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) (Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu), an invasive species from China, was first detected in the US in Georgia in 1975. High densities of galls caused by larval feeding inhibit tree growth, reduce tree vigor, and decrease nut production. A parasitoid of ACGW, Torymus sinensis Kamijo, was imported and released in the US in the 1970’s. This specialized parasitoid has become established in other eastern states, via natural dispersal and additional introductions. In 2015, ACGW was identified in an orchard in Berrien County, Michigan. We have monitored presence and spread of ACGW and the T. sinensis parasitoid in Michigan since 2017. To date, ACGW is established in at least 25 orchards across 14 counties. The T. sinensis parasitoid, first detected in Michigan in 2017, appears to follow ACGW spread, generally lagging 1-3 years behind ACGW establishment. Along with monitoring regional distribution, we are analyzing ACGW spread within individual orchards to assess spatial-temporal dynamics of this invader in Michigan. Chestnut growers in Michigan, the leading producer of commercial chestnuts in North America, face increasing pressure from native and invasive insect pests, reflecting the expansion of this relatively young industry. Lesser chestnut weevil (Curculio sayi Gyllenhal), a native species which originally infested American chestnut (Castanea dentata), is a particularly serious problem. Female weevils lay eggs through burs into developing nuts in late summer. Larval feeding can destroy entire harvests. Our research objectives included identifying effective pre- and post-harvest tactics to minimize reduce weevil damage and yield loss and determining effective trapping and scouting techniques to monitor adult weevils in chestnut orchards.
Publisher
ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Subject
ISBN
9798290942117
