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Integrating Intangible Cultural Heritage with Fluoride-Safe Architectural and Landscape Design
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Integrating Intangible Cultural Heritage with Fluoride-Safe Architectural and Landscape Design
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Journal Article
Integrating Intangible Cultural Heritage with Fluoride-Safe Architectural and Landscape Design
2025
Overview
Background: High-fluoride areas in China are communities with rich intangible cultural heritage (ICH), including rituals around water, working with clay, and community celebrations. These practices shape and inform their interactions with the environment. At the same time, the health risks associated with endemic fluoride contamination are high, but local cultures are rarely taken into consideration in the technical measures against the nuisance. Objective: To discourse on how the ICH traditions can inform the fluoride-safe architectural and landscape design interventions, providing culturally tuned low-tech approaches to defluoridation. Methods: The study was performed as a qualitative, multi-site case study in Yuncheng (Shanxi), Guangnan (Yunnan), Inner Mongolia, and western Guizhou. The methods of data collection included 24 semi-structured interviews with cultural custodians, architects, environmental health professionals, and planners; systematic observations of heritage water features and defluoridation installations; a review of planning documents; and a CDC fluoride survey. The thematic approach proposed by Braun and Clarke in six phases was then used to analyze transcriptions (made via a notice board and translated into English) and translated interviews via NVivo. Results: Four global themes resulted due to thematic analysis: 1. The use of heritage-based fludex-based defluoridation systems with passive fluoride removing infrastructures such as stepped-basin courtyards and water-harvesting yards. 2. Traditional fluoride substances based on clays Traditional clay-based fluoride sources, emphasizing kaolinite-dominant clays and sectional clay crucibles as active filter materials. 3. Institutional and economic obstacles, such as outdated building codes, inadequate financing. 4. Locally based fluoridation and examples include fluoride example: community youth cooperative, community-based fluoride fluoride youth cooperative outreach at community, low-level fluoride initiatives at cultural festivals. Conclusions: The incorporation of ICH in environmental health design encourages socially acceptable and economically efficient fluoride abatement. Scaling of the interventions requires policy reforms to legalize heritage materials, capacity building for artisans, and community involvement.
Publisher
International Society for Fluoride Research, Inc
