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Journal Article
THE KINGDOM BREAKTHROUGH AND BAAL-PERAZIM: CASTING FRESH LIGHT ON MATTHEW 11:12
2024
Overview
Yet the agreement between verb and noun is often assumed rather than demonstrated.4 Indeed, it is quite possible for the two terms to bear different forces: one could be taken more positively, and the other more negatively.5 Matthew 11:12 may intend a contrast between the negative image of the βιασταί and the positive image of the kingdom of heaven that advances despite the efforts of the βιασταί to stop it. Modernday translations can go either way, though they typically understand the noun negatively and the verb to be in the passive voice.6 Recent scholarship on Matthew seems more divided on the issue.7 These are difficult exegetical questions, but I aim to shed light on Matthew 11:12 and the surrounding context by considering a possible OT background to this verse that has rarely been brought to the fore. [...]βιάζεται in Matthew 11:12 is best understood as present middle (rather than present passive), indicating that the eschatological kingdom of heaven is, through Jesus, breaking through against violent opposition in the present age. [...]I show the biblical rationale for relating the term βιάζω to the Hebrew root ... in view of Micah 2:13, which speaks of an eschatological kingdom breakthrough. [...]I argue that David's victory at Baal-Perazim (2 Sam 5; 1 Chr 14)-a location that features this same Hebrew root-provides an important precedent for a consequential kingdom breakthrough against opposition. The reference to David in the opening phrasing of Matthew also leads seamlessly into the discussion of Jesus's royal birth as the fulfillment of the prophetic word to King Ahaz (1:18-23, note 1:20: ...), his birth in Bethlehem (2:1), the threat he posed to King Herod (2:1-12), and his proclamation of the kingdom of heaven (4:17).
Publisher
Evangelical Theological Society
Subject
