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Investigations Focused on Understanding the Biological Features Preceding Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Sows
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Dissertation
Investigations Focused on Understanding the Biological Features Preceding Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Sows
2025
Overview
To increase the sustainability of the U.S. swine herd, it is critical to maximize sow reproductive efficiency. While significant improvements have been made in several areas of production efficiency, including reproductive performance, over the past decade, sow mortality rates have increased, with a disproportionate increase due to pelvic organ prolapse (POP). While the cause of this anatomical phenomenon remains unknown, POP typically occurs during the peripartum period and contributes to nearly 25% of all sow mortality. A previously established perineal scoring (PS) system during late gestation based on phenotypic observations correlated with POP risk was utilized. This PS system was then applied as a research tool to better understand multiple facets of complex biological systems, which may contribute to POP risk and outcome in sows. Fecal and vaginal swabs, along with blood, were collected from sows at high and low risk for POP. Fecal microbiota was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and fecal and vaginal microbial communities were compared (Chapter 3). Differences in fecal microbiota were discovered between sows at various POP risk levels. Vaginal swabs were additionally utilized for metagenomic shotgun sequencing, and the functional potential of sow vaginal microbiota was evaluated in relation to POP (Chapter 4). As a result of microbiota discoveries, a mitigation strategy was developed using vaginal infusions of an antibiotic to reduce POP incidence (Chapter 5). Serum analytes, trace minerals, and potential biomarkers were evaluated, and differences between sows at various POP risk and outcome were discovered (Chapter 6). Collectively, these data suggest differences exist between microbial populations, serum analytes, trace minerals, and biomarkers between sows at various risks for POP during late gestation. This dissertation provides a more comprehensive understanding of the biological features associated with increased POP risk in sows to enable development of industry focused mitigation strategies.
Publisher
ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Subject
ISBN
9798276006055
