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Tunneling Spectroscopy as an All-Electrical Probe of Localized Quantum States in 2D Material Platforms
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Tunneling Spectroscopy as an All-Electrical Probe of Localized Quantum States in 2D Material Platforms
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Dissertation
Tunneling Spectroscopy as an All-Electrical Probe of Localized Quantum States in 2D Material Platforms
2025
Overview
Advancing quantum sensing technologies requires reliable methods for detecting and characterizing localized quantum states, which can serve as sensitive probes of physical quantities such as electromagnetic fields, temperature, or strain at the nanoscale. This dissertation presents the development and application of tunneling spectroscopy in vertical two-dimensional (2D) material heterostructures as an all-electrical platform for sensing zero-dimensional quantum systems. Devices are fabricated using mechanically exfoliated 2D materials–primarily graphene and hexagonal boron nitride–forming tunnel junctions capable of electrically resolving the energy spectrum of electronic states within the tunnel barrier.The tunneling current is sensitive to both the energy spectrum and charge dynamics of localized states embedded within the barrier. Differential conductance measurements reveal features consistent with resonant tunneling through intrinsic defects in hBN as well as encapsulated molecular species. The platform’s modularity can be leveraged to integrate diverse quantum systems, while its compatibility with low-temperature and magneto transport measurements enables electrically detected magnetic resonance as a pathway for spin-sensitive studies. Design principles for the encapsulation of quantum systems are explored in addition to measurement considerations, and future directions are outlined–including the incorporation of magnetic contacts and the probing of spin blockade phenomena to demonstrate spin sensitivity.These results establish vertical 2D tunnel junctions as a versatile and modular platform for studying quantum states by purely electrical means, opening pathways for integrating solid-state quantum systems into next-generation devices.
Publisher
ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Subject
ISBN
9798277439616
