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Human‑centered design of VR interface features to supportmental workload and spatial cognition during collaboration tasksin manufacturing
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Human‑centered design of VR interface features to supportmental workload and spatial cognition during collaboration tasksin manufacturing
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Journal Article
Human‑centered design of VR interface features to supportmental workload and spatial cognition during collaboration tasksin manufacturing
2025
Overview
Industry 5.0 revolution is prioritizing human-centricity and adapting technologies to augment shopfloor workers’ cognitiveergonomics. To provide a user-friendly, efficient virtual planning tool, virtual reality (VR) is adopted by the industry toprovide a virtual work environment for layout planning, design reviews, and training use cases. However, the user interface(UI) of VR programs is not yet standardized for universal design, and thus causes issues such as difficult scalable technologyadoption due to high mental workload. Creating intuitive and accessible interfaces is a key challenge in VR. As the com-plexity of VR platforms grows, it is vital that users can effectively explore and engage with them. Improved UI design mayimprove the whole user experience, making VR more accessible, scalable, and attractive to a larger audience. Navigation ina VR environment can impose a significant mental workload on users, affecting their cognitive capacities, including layoutperception, navigation, attention for collaboration, and response/completion time. This study aims to identify and assessthe UI design features of a virtual work environment for manufacturing regarding mental workload, spatial navigation, andperformance-based evaluation for human centricity. Three design features of typical mini maps examples, which are extractedfrom the literature and the gamification industry, are portability, tangibility, and dimensionality. By identifying the associationbetween design features and user navigation experience, we may observe patterns for broader VR user interface standardiza-tion that address human factors. This study employed a qualitative approach to assess five different prototypes of interactivemap designs, categorized into three design features, involving both students and industry practitioners, and resulting in 114valid data collection sessions in the prototype-based experiment. Reducing mental workloads in VR interfaces can increaseefficiency and user satisfaction in Industry 5.0 through intentional use of specific design features—portability proved to havethe most significant impact, consistently reducing mental, physical and temporal demands, and frustration, while simultane-ously improving performance, layout perception, navigation, and collaborative efficacy. The study provides effective designfeature identification, highlighting the importance of user-centric approaches in VR development for cognitive ergonomics.
