Publication

Water and Development : An Evaluation of World Bank Support, 1997-2007, Volume 1

Independent Evaluation Group

2010

Overview

The amount of available water has been constant for millennia, but over time the planet has added 6 billion people. Water is essential to human life and enterprise, and the increasing strains on available water resources threaten the mission of institutions dedicated to economic development. The ultimate goal is to achieve a sustainable balance between the resources available and the societal requirement for water. In this evaluation the Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) examines all the water-related projects financed by the World Bank between fiscal 1997 and the end of calendar 2007. Bank activities related to water are large, growing, and integrated. They include water resources management, water supply and sanitation, and activities related to agricultural water, industrial water, energy generation, and water in the environment. Through both lending and grants, the World Bank (the International Development Association and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, or IBRD) has supported countries in many water-related sectors. This evaluation examines the full scope of that support over the period from fiscal 1997 to the end of calendar 2007. More than 30 background studies prepared for the evaluation have analyzed Bank lending by thematic area and by activity type. The evaluation is by definition retrospective, but it identifies changes that will be necessary going forward, including those related to strengthening country-level institutions and increasing financial sustainability.

• Publisher: Washington, DC: World Bank
• Subject: ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER / ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER / ACCESS TO WATER / ADEQUATE SANITATION / ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT / AFFORDABLE WATER / AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT / AGRICULTURAL USERS / AGRICULTURAL WATER / AGRICULTURAL WATER USE / ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES / AQUIFER / AQUIFERS / ARID AREAS / ARID REGIONS / ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE / AVAILABILITY OF WATER / AVAILABLE WATER / AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES / BASIC SANITATION / BASINS / BULK WATER / BUND / CAPACITY BUILDING / CLEAN WATER / CLEAN WATER SUPPLY / CLIMATE CHANGE / CLIMATE CHANGES / CLIMATE VARIABILITY / COASTAL AREAS / COASTAL ZONES / COASTS / COMPETITION FOR WATER / CONSERVATION / COST OF WATER / COST RECOVERY / COST RECOVERY SYSTEMS / COVERING / CUBIC METERS / DAM CONSTRUCTION / DAMS / DECISION MAKING / DEGRADED ENVIRONMENTS / DEMAND FOR WATER / DISTRIBUTION OF WATER / DRAINAGE / DROUGHT / EFFECTIVE DEMAND / ENGINEERING / ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS / ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING / ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS / ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH / ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS / ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES / EROSION / EVAPOTRANSPIRATION / FARMERS / FLOOD CONTROL / FLOOD PROTECTION / FLOODING / FLOODS / FRESHWATER / FRESHWATER RESOURCES / FUTURE WATER NEEDS / GLACIERS / GLOBAL WATER CRISIS / GLOBAL WATER PARTNERSHIP / GROUNDWATER / GROUNDWATER DATA / GROUNDWATER ISSUES / GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT / GROUNDWATER PROJECTS / HOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONS / HOUSEHOLDS / HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT / INDUSTRIAL USE / INDUSTRIAL WATER / INTERNATIONAL WATER / IRRIGATION / IRRIGATION WATER / LAKES / LAND USE / LOCAL CAPACITY / LOCAL PRIVATE SECTOR / MANAGEMENT OF WATER / MANAGING WATER RESOURCES / MANGROVE / MANGROVES / METERING / NONPOINT SOURCE / NONPOINT SOURCES / NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITHOUT ACCESS / OPERATION OF WATER SYSTEMS / PAYMENT FOR WATER / PIPED WATER / POLLUTION / POLLUTION CONTROL / POPULATION CENTERS / POPULATION GROWTH / PRESSURE / PRIVATE FINANCING / PROVISION OF WATER / RAINFALL / RAINFALL PATTERNS / REGULATORY FRAMEWORK / REMOTE SENSING / RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCES / RIPARIAN / RIPARIAN STATES / RIVER BASIN / RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT / RIVERS / RURAL WATER / SAFE WATER / SAFE WATER SUPPLY / SALINITY / SANITATION SECTOR / SANITATION SERVICES / SANITATION UTILITIES / SANITATION WATER / SCARCE WATER / SCIENCES / SEA / SERVICE DELIVERY / SERVICE QUALITY / SHIPS / SPRING / STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION / TRANSPARENCY / TREATMENT PLANTS / URBAN AREAS / URBAN WATER / USE OF WATER / UTILITY OPERATIONS / WASTEWATER / WASTEWATER TREATMENT / WATER AVAILABILITY / WATER CHARGES / WATER CONNECTIONS / WATER CONSUMPTION / WATER COVERAGE / WATER CRISES / WATER DEMAND / WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT / WATER FLOWS / WATER INFRASTRUCTURE / WATER LEVELS / WATER MONITORING / WATER POLICY / WATER PRICING / WATER PROGRAMS / WATER PROJECTS / WATER QUALITY / WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT / WATER REQUIREMENTS / WATER RESERVOIRS / WATER RESOURCE / WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT / WATER RESOURCES / WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT / WATER RIGHTS / WATER SCARCITY / WATER SECTOR / WATER SERVICE / WATER SERVICE DELIVERY / WATER SERVICES / WATER SHORTAGES / WATER SOURCE / WATER STRATEGY / WATER SUPPLY / WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS / WATER SUPPLY SERVICES / WATER TARIFFS / WATER USAGE / WATER USE / WATER USES / WATER UTILITIES / WATERSHED / WATERSHED MANAGEMENT / WATERWAYS / WETLANDS
• ISBN: 9780821383933, 0821383930