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Popularity information of products, frequently observed by consumers for making purchase decisions, has become an even more common point of reference in E-commerce where such information is readily updated. This study investigates how consumers interpret breadth of appeal and sales volume, which are two common kinds of popularity information that often co-exist on the Internet, with different inferences (quality evaluation or social comparison) under conditions when the two kinds of popularity information are congruent or incongruent. It is hypothesized that when a product’s breadth of appeal and sales volume are incongruent, the probability of purchasing a narrow-appeal product significantly increases compared to the condition of congruence; moreover, the magnitude of increase between the two conditions of congruency is higher for consumers with the inference of quality evaluation compared to that of social comparison. The method of laboratory experiment was adopted, with 200 participants. The empirical resu

R587.2; 糖尿病肾病是糖尿病微小血管并发症之一,其主要表现为进行性的蛋白尿和肾功能衰退,最终发展为终末期肾病.肾小球内皮细胞是肾小球滤过屏障的重要组成部分,其结构及功能的完整性与肾小球滤过功能关系密切.肾小球内皮细胞功能障碍对糖尿病肾病的发生、发展起着重要作用,导致内皮功能障碍的经典机制除糖代谢紊乱、氧化应激、异常血管新生、炎症及内皮转分化等,还包括细胞间通讯、表观遗传学及外泌体等新机制.该文就肾小球内皮细胞在糖尿病肾病中损伤的相关机制研究进展进行了综述.

R285.5; 肾脏是重要的新陈代谢器官,具有排泄废物、维持电解质及酸碱平衡、调控血压及内分泌等多种功能.肾脏疾病是危害人类健康的常见病,已成为全球范围内的公共卫生问题.肾病患者迅速增多及治疗费用昂贵给社会和家庭带来了沉重的负担.西药效果确切,在肾脏疾病的治疗中发展迅速,但使用不当可加重肾脏损害.近年来,中药及中药单体因具有多靶点、多通路的治疗优势,在肾脏病治疗中得到了广泛的认可和应用.小檗碱(BBR)是一种主要从中药黄连中提取的喹啉类生物碱,具有多种药理作用及出色的肾脏保护作用.BBR具有多靶点、多通路的治疗特性,在肾脏疾病的治疗中具有巨大的潜力.该文梳理了BBR的药理机制,主要从抗氧化应激、抗炎、降血糖、降血压、降血脂、抗肿瘤等方面论述,并结合BBR在糖尿病肾病、急性肾损伤等疾病治疗中的临床应用进行综述,以期为肾脏疾病的治疗提供新的思路,为中西医结合的发展奠定基础.

Popularity information of products, frequently observed by consumers for making purchase decisions, has become an even more common point of reference in E-commerce where such information is readily updated. This study investigates how consumers interpret breadth of appeal and sales volume, which are two common kinds of popularity information that often co-exist on the Internet, with different inferences (quality evaluation or social comparison) under conditions when the two kinds of popularity information are congruent or incongruent. It is hypothesized that when a product’s breadth of appeal and sales volume are incongruent, the probability of purchasing a narrow-appeal product significantly increases compared to the condition of congruence; moreover, the magnitude of increase between the two conditions of congruency is higher for consumers with the inference of quality evaluation compared to that of social comparison. The method of laboratory experiment was adopted, with 200 participants. The empirical results strongly supported the proposed hypotheses and provided practical implications for e-commerce.

为了解决传统白光干涉测量技术中对线性位移机构的位移精度要求过高的问题，本文提出了一种全视场外差白光干涉测量技术。该技术主要通过使用存在差频的白光干涉信号作为光源来实现在大扫描步长和低扫描精度条件下相干峰位置的高精度检测。本文首先建立了白光外差干涉的数学模型，再根据数学模型提供的光强信号特性提出了整体系统设计方案，然后对测量方案的可行性进行了实验验证。最后针对多种误差对算法计算精度的影响进行了理论分析和数据对比。误差分析的结果表明：白光外差干涉测量技术提供更高的测量精度和更好的抗干扰性能，有效地降低了传统白光干涉测量对线性位移机构精度的严苛依赖，为光学自由曲面检测技术提供了更多的可选解决方案。

Using National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy(NCEP/DOE) monthly reanalysis data and an extended reconstruction of the sea surface temperature data provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the basic characteristics of the interannual variation in the wintertime Middle East subtropical westerly jet stream(MEJ) and its possible physical factors are studied. The results show that the climatological mean MEJ axis extends southwestward-northeastward and that its center lies in the northwest part of the Arabian Peninsula. The south-north shift of the MEJ axis and its intensity show obvious interannual variations that are closely related to the ElNio-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and the mid-high latitude atmospheric circulation. The zonal symmetric response of the Asian jet to the ENSO-related tropical convective forcing causes the MEJ axis shift, and the Arctic Oscillation(AO)causes the middle-western MEJ axis shift. Due to the influences of both the zonal symmetric response of the Asian jet to the ENSO-related tropical convective forcing and the dynamical role of the AO, an east-west out-of-phase MEJ axis shift is observed. Furthermore, the zonal asymmetric response to the ENSO-related tropical convective forcing can lead to an anomalous Mediterranean convergence(MC) in the high troposphere. The MC anomaly excites a zonal wave train along the Afro-Asian jet, which causes the middle-western MEJ axis shift. Under the effects of both the zonal symmetric response to the ENSO-related tropical convective forcing and the wave train along the Afro-Asian jet excited by the MC anomaly, an east-west in-phase MEJ axis shift pattern is expressed. Finally, the AO affects the MEJ intensity, whereas the East Atlantic(EA) teleconnection influences the middle-western MEJ intensity. Under the dynamical roles of the AO and EA, the change in the MEJ intensity is demonstrated.

A set of small-stencil new Padé schemes with the same denominator are presented to solve high-order nonlinear evolution equations. Using this scheme, the fourth-order precision can not only be kept, but also the final three-diagonal discrete systems are solved by simple Doolittle methods, or ODE systems by Runge-Kutta technique. Numerical samples show that the schemes are very satisfactory. And the advantage of the schemes is very clear compared to other finite difference schemes.

The Phyllostachys iridenscens Yao et Chen is a fine economic species worthy to be spread which produces delicious bamboo shoot as well as timber and thin strip with high yield and price. The paper systematically summed the results of the observations and experiments on growth development of the species from the research for more than ten years. The contents included: growth from shoots to juvenile and adult bamboo, growth of rhizome characters of shoots genesis in new plantation, quality of young individuals, flowering and fruiting in Fhyllostachys iridenscens etc. 红竹Phyllostachys iridenscens Yao et Chen是一种笋用、材用、篾用均佳,产量和经济效益都较高因而值得推广种植的优良经济竹种。本文是作者十余年来,在浙江省安吉县灵峰寺林场对红竹生长、发育连续研究所得资料的系统总结。内容包括竹笋-幼竹、成竹、地下茎生长,新造红竹林的发笋特性、成竹质量和红竹的开花结实等。