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血液透析患者不宁腿综合征相关影响因素分析
目的调查血液透析患者不宁腿综合征发病率并筛查其相关危险因素。方法共220例维持性血液透析患者和40例慢性肾脏病患者,采用国际不宁腿综合征研究组评价量表(IRLS)评价不宁腿综合征严重程度,Beck抑郁量表(BDI)评价抑郁症状,Epworth嗜睡量表评价白天过度嗜睡,失眠严重程度指数(ISI)评价失眠程度。采用单因素和多因素前进法Logistic回归分析筛查血液透析患者发生不宁腿综合征的相关危险因素。结果血液透析组病程(Z=-9.837,P=0.000)、血清铁蛋白(t=2.847,P=0.005)、合并不宁腿综合征比例(χ~2=10.918,P=0.001)、应用镇静催眠药比例(χ~2=7.669,P=0.006)、IRLS评分(t=2.322,P=0.020)和ISI评分(Z=4.117,P=0.001)均高于对照组。单因素和多因素前进法Logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病(OR=3.387,95%CI:1.538~7.461;P=0.002)、BDI评分〉9分(OR=2.643,95%CI:1.457~4.795;P=0.001)和ISI评分〉7分(OR=3.542,95%CI:1.939~6.468;P=0.000)是血液透析患者发生不宁腿综合征的独立危险因素。结论血液透析患者不宁腿综合征和失眠发病率较高,不宁腿综合征与失眠密切相关,抑郁症状在其中发挥重要作用。