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According to the previous reports, the collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) causes tumorigenesis by modulating the tumor microenvironment, however, the evidence is limited to a few human cancer subtypes. In the current study, we analyzed and validated the CTHRC1 expression variations in 24 different human cancer tissues paired with normal tissues using publically available databases. We observed that CTHRC1 was overexpressed in all the 24 major subtypes of human cancers and its overexpression was significantly associated with the reduced overall survival (OS) duration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), and Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). This implies that CTHRC1 plays a significant role in the development and progression of these cancers. We further noticed that CTHRC1 was also overexpressed in HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, STAD, and UCEC patients of different clinicopathological features. Pathways enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of CTHRC1 associated genes in seven diverse pathways. We also explored few interesting correlations between CTHRC1 expression and promoter methylation, genetic alterations, CNVs, CD8+ T immune cells infiltration, and tumor purity. In conclusion, CTHRC1 can serve as a shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, STAD, and UCEC patients of different clinicopathological features.

Tail biting is an economical and behavioral problem in the pork production system worldwide and systematic tail docking has been applied for decades to decrease the risk of its onset. However, legal and market-driven requirements are leading pig producers to rear undocked animals. The aim of this work was to monitor tail, pluck (lungs, pleurae, and liver), stomach, carcass, and thigh lesions in slaughtering pigs belonging to either docked or undocked batches. A total of 525 batches were evaluated at slaughter: 442 docked and 83 undocked batches. The presence of tail lesions was only recorded in undocked batches (44.0 ± 0.402 vs. 0.2 ± 0.2% compared to docked ones, p < 0.001), with a prevalence of severe chronic lesions of 27.3% ± 0.032, suggesting that more and alternative wide efforts to manage long-tailed animals are needed. On the contrary, docked animals showed more frequent ear lesions (9.6% ± 0.037 vs. 4.6% ± 0.019; p = 0.0001). Severe lung lesions were found more frequently in undocked animals (9.2% ± 0.043 vs. 6.6% ± 0.011, p = 0.006), as well as gastric ulcers (26.1% ± 0.021 vs. 20.3% ± 0.37, p = 0.006). These lesions might share the same predisposing factors of tail lesions; the latter might be investigated as an iceberg indicator for other pathological conditions in undocked pigs and eventual causal association among lesions in these organs should be explored.

Cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of death worldwide. As a member of the transmembrane emp24 domain (Tmed)/p24 family of proteins, TMED2 expression variations have been documented earlier in only a few subtypes of human cancers, and the multi-omics profiling of TMED2 as a shared biomarker in different other subtypes of human cancers remains to be uncovered. In the current study, TMED2 multi-omics analysis in 24 major subtypes of human cancer was performed using different authentic online databases and bioinformatics analysis including UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), GENT2, MEXPRESS, cBioportal, STRING, DAVID, TIMER, and CTD. In general, the TMED2 expression in 24 major subtypes of human cancers was higher relative to normal controls and was also strongly associated with the lower overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) duration of CESC, ESCA, HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, and LUAD patients. This implies that TMED2 plays a significant role in the development and progression of these cancers. Furthermore, the TMED2 overexpression was also correlated with different clinicopathological features of CESC, ESCA, HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, and LUAD patients. TMED2-associated genes network was involved in 3 diverse pathways, and finally, few stronger correlations were also explored between TMED2 expression and its promoter methylation level, genetic alterations, and CD8+ T immune cells level. In conclusion, via this in silico study, we have elucidated that TMED2 can serve as a shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CESC, ESCA, HNSC, KIRC, LIHC, and LUAD patients of different clinicopathological features but, further in vitro and in vivo research should be carried out to confirm these findings.

Metal oxides are well-known potential alternatives to graphite as anode materials of lithium-ion batteries, and they can deliver much higher reversible capacities than graphite even at high current densities. In this study, hexagonal disk-shaped ZnO are synthesized by a facile solution reaction of ZnCl 2 and its composite is prepared in the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The as prepared ZnO/CNT composite has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. Electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic discharge/charge tests demonstrate that the conversion reactions in ZnO and ZnO/CNT electrodes enable reversible capacity of 478 and 602 mAh g −1 , respectively for up to 50 cycles. Our investigation highlights the importance of anchoring of small ZnO particles on CNTs for maximum utilization of electrochemically active ZnO and CNTs for energy storage application in lithium-ion batteries.

In the current work, Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were developed using copper ferrite as the primary anode material. Due to its high resistivity and low eddy current loss, copper ferrite is suitable for high-frequency applications. Pure and Eu-doped CuFe 2 O 4 nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The synthesized nanomaterials were comprehensively characterized to evaluate their structural, morphological, and elemental properties utilizing various advanced analytical techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis was employed to determine the materials’ crystallographic structure and phase purity. The observed reflections in the XRD pattern confirm the successful formation of the tetragonal phase of copper ferrite, with no detectable secondary phase and impurity peaks. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to investigate the surface morphology and topographic features, while Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), coupled with SEM, enables qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis. As revealed by SEM, the surface morphology exhibits a beaded architecture characterized by vertical stacking of nanorods arranged in sequential, overlapping manners. The charge storage capacity, cyclic stability, and redox behavior of synthesized nanomaterials as an anode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) were systematically evaluated using galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) measurements and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CuFe₂O₄ nanocomposites doped with 3 mol% Eu (CuFe₂O₄-3 mol% Eu) exhibited a high specific discharge capacity of 850 mAh g −1 and demonstrated an excellent cyclic stability, retaining 97% of its capacity over 100 cycles at 0.1 Ag -1 . This study indicates that the Eu x Cu 1-x Fe₂O₄ nanocomposite exhibits an optimal balance between high initial energy storage and long-term electrochemical stability, highlighting its potential as an efficient anode material in lithium-ion batteries.

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to determine ovarian follicular development and steroid hormones concentrations during estrous cycle of Lohi sheep. Ovaries of nine Lohi ewes were monitored for two consecutive estrous cycles using B-mode trans-rectal ultrasonography during the breeding season (Sep-Nov 2018). Plasma progesterone and estradiol-17β concentrations were determined throughout the cycle using radioimmunoassay. The average length of the estrous cycle in Lohi sheep was 17.0±0.1 days and follicular and luteal phases were 4.6±0.2 and 11.3±0.2 days long, respectively. Estrous cycles had either three or four follicular waves; 3-wave cycles were more frequent than 4-waves (87vs.13%; p≤0.05, respectively). In 3-wave cycles (n=14), follicles (≤ 3mm) emerged on Days 0.7, 5.2 and 10.5. In 4-wave cycles (n=2), follicles emerged on Days 0.1, 4, 8.5, and 11.5. The maximum diameter of preovulatory follicle and corpus luteum was 5.4±0.3 and 10.4±0.3mm, respectively. Regardless of the wave pattern, single ovulation occurred in each cycle. CL was first detectable on Day 4.0±0.1, it reached maximum diameter on Day 9.0±0.1 and luteolysis began on Day 12.2±0.2 of the cycle. Peak estradiol-17β concentration was observed 48h before ovulation and correlated with the diameter of the preovulatory follicle (r=0.84; p<0.05). Plasma progesterone concentration was maximum on Day 9±0.1 and coincided with the diameter of CL throughout the cycle (r=0.93; p<0.05). In conclusion, most of the cycles in Lohi sheep have 3-waves and are mono-ovulatory in nature.

In contemporary world globalization is one of interesting fact of this world. It has broadened the avenues to the economy of this world. Infect it has opened doors towards borderless civilizations. Gwadar port is going to provide a regional as well as international connectivity in near future. Due to its cost and projected future outcomes, this port development specifically and China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) generally is thought to be one the major project of Pakistan. This port has the potential to provide a safe and economic route to the traders and also it will promote global shipping in the respective region as well. This port will not only facilitate China but also to the many landlocked central Asian states as well. The paper explains that this port will not only lessen the load on Port Qasim and Karachi of Pakistan but infect will open new avenues to speed up the economic activities for Pakistan. Regional states like United Arab Emirates and Iran take this port of Gwadar as their competitor port. According to them, the port of Gwadar will increase the already existed profit and benefits which are being carried by the ports of Iran and UAE. The US fervor for the noteworthiness assets of Middle East and CARs may cause solid Chinese closeness to the Gulf and Strait of Hormuz and may widen Gwadar's essential significance for the US.

Herein, we reported the solution-based techniques to attach vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) to graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets. The composite has been checked for its improved hybrid super capacitive performance. The addition of the GO to V 2 O 5 significantly enhances the nanocomposite electrochemical performance. The composites demonstrate markedly high specific capacitance up to 438.1 Fg −1 at 1 Ag −1 . Moreover, the supercapacitor electrodes provide high energy density and improved retention capacitance. The introduction of GO in the composites increases the surface area by providing a highly conductive path and functional surface to attach V 2 O 5 nanoparticles. The performance of the VG-3 sample electrode remained excellent electrochemically. These findings suggest that vanadium pentoxide/graphene oxide (VG) composites may be an effective active material for supercapacitor electrodes. Graphical abstract

LiRu x Fe 1−x PO 4 (where x = 0.01–0.12) samples are successfully fabricated by conventional solid-state reaction technique and the structural properties are analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. The XRD analysis shows that the minor impurity phases of RuO 2 and LiRuO 2 are observed for x ≥ 0.05 samples. Furthermore, the lattice volume is decreased with increasing Ru-content in the structure. The Ru-substituted battery cells exhibit similar cycling voltammetry (CV) data with the unsubstituted LiFePO 4 battery cells. According to the charging/discharging cycles measurements for C/3-rate, the best capacity (147.58 mAh g −1 ) is obtained for LiFe 0.93 Ru 0.07 PO 4 with a capacity fade of 0.0084 per cycle. It is found that Ru-substituted LiFePO 4 has maximum C-rate when we analogize with the pristine LiFePO 4 and the battery cycling performance is investigated for 4 C-rate up to 100 cycles and 3 and 4 C-rate up to 1000 cycles and it is found that Ru-substituted LiFePO 4 exhibits excellent electrochemical performance such as 122, 84.5, and 53.1 mAh g −1 for 1st, 500th, and 1000th cycles at 4 C-rate.

Due to their unique chemical structure, MXenes have been recognized as a potential material, having a high surface area, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and a tunable band gap, showing great hydrophilicity and stability. The adsorption and reducing properties of MXene-based 2D nanomaterials make them efficient photocatalysts for degrading organic pollutants. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized over the exfoliated MXene sheets (1:50 and 1:20 by weight to silver salt) using polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a dispersant. The elemental composition and morphology of the nanocatalysts Ag20@Ti3C2Tx and Ag50@Ti3C2Tx were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). FESEM micrographs reveal porous exfoliated Ti3C2Tx sheets obtained by continuously stirring Ti3AlC2 for 44 h at 60 °C, providing a platform for the growth of Ag nanoparticles. Diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) indicates that the bare silver nanoparticles show a decrease in the band gap value from 2.4 to 1.35 and 1.41 eV in Ag50@Ti3C2Tx and Ag20@Ti3C2Tx, respectively, which enables the nanocomposites to show excellent catalytic performance and degrade around 99% of safranin dye within 15 min at a concentration of 5 mg Ag50@Ti3C2Tx.