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Newspaper headline language is an important source of language features not found in traditional textbooks. Therefore, this study argues for the importance of including newspaper in EFL teaching and learning in Sudan. The study aims to explore Sudanese university EFL students' awareness of the morphological, syntactic as well assemantic features of newspaper headline language. To achieve this goal, primary data are purposely collected by student's test administered to 83 semi-finalist and finalist EFL students in Faculty of Education- University of Kassala in the academic year 2021s. Secondary data collected from reliable references and previous studies on similar topics. The study uses the experimental descriptive method. The findings of the study reveal several weaknesses in awareness of newspaper headline language. The main weakness is unawareness of syntactic features with 100% followed by semantic features with 71% and then morphological features with 70%. The study recommends that EFL programs at university level in Sudan should include mass media, especially English newspaper, to expose students to a source of some authentic language features, which are not presented in traditional textbooks.

Background: Madurella mycetomatis is most common causative agent of mycetoma in Sudan and worldwide. No vaccines are available till now so design of effective vaccine is essential as protection tool. Peptide vaccine can overcome the common side effects of the conventional vaccines. The aim of this study was to design peptide based vaccine for M. Mycetomatis Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP) using immunoinformatics tools. Materials and methods: TCTP sequences were retrieved from NCBI and then processed using BioEdit program to determine conserved regions and different immunoinformatics tools from IEDB. Population coverage analysis was performed for the most promising epitopes. Homology modelling was performed to show their structural positions in TCTP. Protein analysis was done using Expasy (ProtParamsotware). Results and conclusion: Four epitopes passed the Bepipred, Emini, Kolaskar and Tongaonkar tools. 111 epitopes were predicted to interact with MHCI alleles with IC50 < 500 nM, three of them were most promising. 274 predicted epitopes were interacted with MHCII alleles with IC50 < 100 nM, four of them were most promising. The epitope (YMKSVKKAL) was the most promising one concerning its binding with MHCI alleles, while (FRLQSTSFD) was the most promising for MHC II. The epitope (YLKAYMKSV) is shared betweenMHC I and II. For the population coverage of M. Mycetomatis TCTP vaccine Sudan (90.39%) had the highest percentage for MHC I. This is the first computational vaccinology study conducted in mycetoma caused by M. Mycetomatis using TCTP. Keywords: Madurella.Mycetomatis, mycetoma, Sudan, worldwide, peptide vaccine, Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein(TCTP), immunoinformatics tools.