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Imaging of biomolecules guides our understanding of their diverse structures and functions 1 , 2 . Real-space imaging at sub-nanometre resolution using cryo-electron microscopy has provided key insights into proteins and their assemblies 3 , 4 . Direct molecular imaging of glycans—the predominant biopolymers on Earth, with a plethora of structural and biological functions 5 —has not been possible so far 6 . The inherent glycan complexity and backbone flexibility require single-molecule approaches for real-space imaging. At present, glycan characterization often relies on a combination of mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging to provide insights into size, sequence, branching and connectivity, and therefore requires structure reconstruction from indirect information 7 – 9 . Here we show direct imaging of single glycan molecules that are isolated by mass-selective, soft-landing electrospray ion beam deposition and imaged by low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy 10 . The sub-nanometre resolution of the technique enables the visualization of glycan connectivity and discrimination between regioisomers. Direct glycan imaging is an important step towards a better understanding of the structure of carbohydrates. An imaging method combining soft-landing electrospray ion beam deposition and low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy resolves the structures of glycans at sub-nanometre resolution, revealing the connectivity of glycan chains and the types of linkages.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

This study produced animated video clips revived from Balinese children’s song as an alternative media, by promoting brand equity in the form of characters and popular tourist attractions as an effort to promote cultural tourism in Bali, Indonesia. The strategy in reviving children’s songs was done through revitalizing the visualization of Balinese children’s illustrated songs. The visualization was done by turning the previous appearance of live action appearance into an animated form that proved to be preferred by children. The design of the Dadong Dauh character was constructed by manga matrix system model approach introduced by Tsukamoto. The data collection about song variation of Dadong Dauh and theory to develop imagery character and to design the character by using the manga matrix system was used by conducting a literature study. Reference collection of the visual of Dadong Dauh was used by conducting a literature study and observation. The result showed that the visualized video clip of local Balinese children songs in a two-dimensional form was able to revitalize the character branding of Dadong Dauh as a cultural symbol, with Tenganan village as its cultured environment. It also gained a great appreciation from children and has potential to popularize Dadong Dauh song.

In the heterogeneous system, reaction temperature and catalyst loading are very affected to the fluid diffusivities and molecular interaction in the active sites of catalyst. Theoritically, increasing both of them ensued to increases the chemical reaction rate. The aim of this research was to know how the effect of reaction temperature and catalyst loading to reaction rate in esterification of oleic acid with glycerol, based on oleic acid conversion result. The experiments were Carried out in a batch reactor by the reaction temperature from 160 to 200°C, catalyst loading of 0.5 to 2 wt% of solution, the reactants glycerol ratio of 3 mole / mole of oleic acid, reaction time of 80 minutes, agitation speed of 600 rpm, and mordernite natural zeolite as a catalyst. Observation result Showed that increasing the reaction temperature and catalyst loading were Accompanying by increases of oleic acid conversion. The highest conversion to reach at reaction temperature of 200°C and a catalyst loading of 2 wt% that was 75.09%.

This study aims to analyze measurement models of the Utilization of Health Insurance. A survey is conducted annually by Statistics Indonesia in measuring the Utilization of Health Insurance through National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). Code 81301-81309 on SUSENAS Core is blocking code XIII with a description of Health Insurance Utilization. Y 1 : Do you have health insurance? Y 2 : have you ever used health insurance? Y 3 : What are the reasons you have never used health insurance? Y 4 : in the last year, have you ever been refused a health check? Y 5 : what are the reasons you experience refusal to check your health?, Y 6 : in the last year, have you ever used health insurance for hospitalization?, Y 7 : What are the reasons you never used health insurance for hospitalization?, Y 8 : in the last year, have you ever been refused hospitalization?, and Y 9 : what are the reasons you experience refusal to be hospitalized? Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) is part of SEM-based on components that have global least-square optimization criteria, which can be consistently minimizing sum squares residuals to obtain model parameter estimates. GSCA is a powerful analysis method. This is because it is not based on many assumptions such as variables that do not have to have multivariate normal distributions (indicators with category, ordinal, interval to ratio can be used on the same model), the amount of data does not have to be large. The results showed that some indicator variables had no significant effect on the construct variables. The loading factor > 0.6 are latent construct indicators that provide good convergent validity.

Designing machines without involving the human factor can cause users discomfort, fatigue, and health problems. Ergonomic criteria when designing machines can increase user effectiveness. PT. Noang Prima Utama uses an extruder to produce pasta under the “LocaPasta” brand. Complaints of pain in the neck and back for 1-3 days due to standing position, bending down, and arms reaching forward for a long-time during production. The research objective was to evaluate the extruder design using the anthropometric method. Anthropometric data were tested for uniformity, data adequacy, and the determination of percentiles. Machine dimensions were compared with user anthropometer data for design improvement. When feeding materials into the hopper, the operator’s working posture needed to be more ergonomically adequate due to raised arms and pushing the material bit by bit (repetitively). The evaluation of the machine design based on anthropometric dimensions reveals several improvements. The redesigned extruder machine includes changes such as adjusting the footstep height to 27.7 cm so that the height of the setting box to 120.95 cm from the footstep (adjusting to standing shoulder height), allowing rotation of the setting box and the hopper height from the footstep is parallel to the standing elbow height which is 92.1 cm. With the implementation of the new prototype, the operator’s working posture no longer involves bending over while adjusting the machine, and the arms can comfortably rest on the hopper while feeding the material.

Crisis Resource Management (CRM) is critical in managing code trauma cases, yet remains underemphasized in many medical training programs in Indonesia. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a virtual reality (VR)-based CRM training module tailored for emergency physicians. A pilot CRM module was designed through expert focused group discussions (FGDs) and refined using the Delphi method. The module included a lecture, roundtable discussion, and VR simulation. Fifteen emergency physicians participated in the training and were assessed using pre- and post-tests, a checklist based on CRM objectives, the Ottawa General Rating Scale (GRS), and a satisfaction questionnaire. Participants showed a significant improvement in knowledge (mean pretest 70 vs posttest 95.33; p < 0.001). Checklist completion rates had a median of 81% individually and 80% at the team level. Ottawa GRS scores indicated strong performance in leadership, problem-solving, communication, and situational awareness (overall mean score: 6.2/7). Satisfaction ratings reflected positive participant experiences with the module. VR-based simulation is an effective, accessible tool for enhancing CRM skills in emergency settings, particularly in low-resource or remote environments. The module demonstrated high participant satisfaction and notable improvements in both individual and team performance and incorporating VR into trauma team CRM training should be considered.

Jam is one of complementary foods which has the viscous texture and usually prepared from fruit puree. The fruit contains pectin in which it will be combined with sucrose and acid to form gel. Banana peel also contains the pectin. This current study aims to investigate the effect of citric acid and sucrose concentration on physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of Candi banana peels jam. Completely Randomized Block Design was assigned to investigate the main factors. Factor I is the citric acid concentration (0.2% and 0.4% w/v). Factor II is the concentration of sucrose (50%, 60%, and 70% w/v). Each treatment was replicated 3 times. \"Candi\" banana peels jam with combination 0.2% of citric acid and 70% of sucrose is considered as the best treatment. The best Candi banana peels jam has been characterised by 48.80% water content; 4.97 pH values; 45.10 0Brix total dissolved solids; and the spreading length is 9.3 cm. While the sensory attributes intensity were 8.8 for sweetness; 2.4 for sourness; 3.4 for astringency; 8.9 for color; 5.5 for firmness; 10.5 for spreadibility; and 8.4 for spreading length.

There is a challenge to increase the productivity of rain-fed rice in Yogyakarta. However, brown plant hopper and blast disease are the main constraint. Tolerant varieties are suggested due to its environmental friendly to increase rice yield. This research was aimed to determine the population of brown plant hopper and blast disease as the effect of varieties improvement in increasing rain-fed rice productivity. Research was conducted in Nglipar Gunungkidul Yogyakarta, from September 2018 to January 2019. Experimental design was randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were six rain-fed rice varieties (Inpago 8, Inpago 10, Inpago 12, Inpago Unsoed, Rindang 1, and Rindang 2) with two control varieties (Inpari 42 and Ciherang). Results showed that Brown Plant Hopper population and blast disease intensity in Inpago 10, Inpago 12, and Inpago Unsoed were lower than in other varieties. Yield of Inpago 8, Inpago 10, Inpago 12, Inpago Unsoed, Rindang 1, Rindang 2, Inpari 42 and Ciherang were 6.20, 7.37, 7.01, 7.49, 6.20, 6.84, 6.97, and 4.00 ton ha-1, respectively. Varieties improvement resulted higher rice productivity compared to Ciherang as existing variety in farmers practices.

The demand for healthy drinks produced by combining bioactive carbohydrates and probiotic microorganisms increases during the rising of customer awareness related to digestive health issues. In this study, a techno-economic analysis was conducted for establishing a mini-plant to produce a synbiotic fermented drink from mung bean ( Vigna radiata L.). From the technological analysis, inulin and Lactobacillus bulgaricus were the most suitable ingredients for mung bean-based synbiotic beverage production. With a total investment of 3,112,000,000, - IDR and a total production capacity of 10,800 kL/year, based on financial analysis, this mini-plant was feasible to be established. This was indicated by some feasibility criteria such as B/C ratio, net present value (NPV), break event point (BEP), internal rate of return (IRR), and pay-back period (PBP) that presented of 1.70, 12.079 billion, 2.8 million packs (@125 mL), 21.78%, 3.46 years, respectively. From location selection analysis, by an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), Kebumen regency was the most suitable location to build this plant due to the availabilities of raw material and water. This study revealed that mung bean-based synbiotic beverage was prospective to be developed and techno-economically feasible.