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Language is known to play a crucial role in influencing how humans perceive and categorize sensory stimuli, including odors. This study investigated the impact of linguistic labeling on odor categorization among bilingual participants proficient in Chinese (L1) and English (L2). We hypothesized that L1-like linguistic labels would more robustly propel the learning of new olfactory categories compared to a condition without language, and more familiar labels would better support odor category learning. The analysis focused on comparing learning trajectories and odor categorization performance of four groups, three in which odors were paired with different sets of verbal labels and a control group that categorized odors without any verbal labeling. Following four days of intensive training, the results showed that the groups with verbal labels numerically outperformed the control group, and that the less familiar the labels sounded the more successful categorization became. However, between-group differences did not reach statistical significance. These findings, while not conclusively supporting our hypotheses, provide insights into the complex relationship between linguistic familiarity and odor category formation. The results are nested within Ad Hoc Cognition, highlighting that variations in linguistic familiarity may not induce robust enough contextual changes to differentially affect how odor categories are formed.

Background Coumarins are toxic phytochemicals found in a variety of plants and are known to limit microbial degradation and interfere with nutrient cycling. While the degradation of coumarins by fungi has been studied in an environmental context, little is known about their degradation in the gastrointestinal system of herbivores after ingestion. Results In this study, we investigated in vitro fermentation by microbial enrichment, transcriptome sequencing, and high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarins. The results showed that despite the low abundance of anaerobic fungi in the rumen microbiota, they were able to effectively degrade coumarins. Specifically, Pecoramyces ruminantium F1 could tolerate coumarin concentrations up to 3 mmol/L and degrade it efficiently via metabolic pathways involving alpha/beta hydrolases and NAD(P)H oxidoreductases within the late growth phase. The fungus metabolized coumarin to less toxic compounds, including o -coumaric acid and melilotic acid, highlighting the detoxification potential of anaerobic fungi. Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate the ability of rumen anaerobic fungi to degrade coumarin, providing new insights into the use of anaerobic fungi in sustainable agricultural practices and environmental detoxification strategies.

It is anticipated that the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) will improve the quality of human life. Nonetheless, large amounts of data need to be replicated, stored, processed, and shared, posing formidable challenges to communication bandwidth and information security. Herein, it is reported that polyimide (PI) threshold‐switching memristors exhibit Gaussian conductance and randomly set voltage distribution with nonideal properties to create a compression and encryption engine with a single chip. The Gaussian conductance distribution is used to achieve compressed sensing (CS) to integrate encryption into compression, and the spontaneous formation of the one‐time‐sampling measurement matrix satisfies absolute security. Moreover, the bitstreams generated by randomly distributed set voltages are used to diffuse the ciphertext from CS to improve security. The engine is shown to be secure even if the eavesdropper knows both the plaintext and the corresponding ciphertext. It has compression performance advantages that take both efficiency and security into account. In addition, due to the superior high temperature and mechanical properties of PI, the engine can continue to function normally in harsh environments. Herein, an excellent solution is offered for ensuring the efficiency and security of IoT. All‐in‐one compression and encryption engines with one‐time‐only keys constructed from flexible polyimide memristors are achieved, enabling the integration of compression and encryption. The one‐time‐only keys are formed spontaneously to implement compression and diffusion without programming operations, enabling the engine to satisfy perfect security and resist chosen‐plaintext attacks (CPA). An excellent solution is provided for high efficiency and security application.

A new calculation method of helicopter rotor/fuselage acoustic scattering is developed. Firstly, a CFD analysis model is developed to simulate flow field of the rotor, which is based on the motional embedded grid system and RANS equations, and provides aerodynamic data for rotor noise calculation. Then, FW-H equations are employed to calculate the aeroacoustic characteristics of isolated rotor, and G 1A formulas are applied to calculate the rotor acoustic gradient to provide boundary condition for acoustic scattering. Based on these, the time-domain equivalent source method is applied to calculate acoustic scatter field, and the total acoustic field that considered the fuselage scatter is superposed by isolated rotor acoustics and the scatter one. Finally, the numerical simulations of helicopter main-rotor/fuselage and tail-rotor/fuselage scatter effect are conducted by using the developed models. The results indicate that the helicopter fuselage has important scatter effect on the high frequency acoustics of

In order to improve the flow characteristics of the rotor tip vortex, a jet flow is generated by the tip plasma exiter, which interferes with the formation and evolution and development of the blade tip vortex. To achieve the purpose of improving blade vortex interference noise. In this paper, a numerical method is used to establish a rotor blade tip jet flow calculation method. The characteristics of the tip vortex wake are analyzed in the hovering state which after the jet flow is loaded, and a law of the development and evolution of the tip vortex with different jet flow parameters is given. The result show that the tip vortex vorticity of the loaded tip jet flow is weakened, and the induced vortex generated by the jet flow cracks the baseline wake vortex, reducing The strength of the weak rotor tip vortex is reduced, with the increase of the jet flow hoel diamenter, the tip vortex weakens; the jet flow velocity is deflected downward, and the vertical component of the jet flow will offset the rotational velocity formed by the tip vortex, weakening the tip vortex vorticity, with the increase of jet flow declination angle, the weakening degree of tip vortex vorticity is stronger, with the increse of jet flow velocity, the tip vortex is weakened, the jet flow velocity reaches 100m/s, and the wake angle ψ=45° vorticity peak weakened by 31%, wake angle ψ=90° vorticity peak weakened by 22%.

V211.52; 发展了直升机旋翼(尾桨)噪声与机身的声散射特性计算方法.首先,采用基于运动嵌套网格和RANS方程的旋翼CFD方法计算旋翼流场信息,为旋翼噪声计算提供气动数据;然后,采用FW-H方程来计算孤立旋翼的气动噪声特性,并应用G1A公式来计算旋翼噪声梯度,为噪声声散射分析提供边界条件;在此基础上,采用时域等效源方法计算散射声场,并与孤立旋翼声场进行叠加,最终得到考虑机身散射影响的总声场.最后,应用建立的声散射计算模型,针对旋翼/机身和尾桨/机身声散射效应进行了数值模拟,结果表明:机身对旋翼与尾桨高频噪声的散射影响较大,并且旋翼/机身以及尾桨/机身的间距越小,声散射效应越明显.

As an important receptor located in the skin, a nociceptor is capable of detecting noxious stimuli and sending warning signals to the central nervous system to avoid tissue damage, thus inspiring the development of artificial nociceptors for electronic receptors. Recently, memristors have attracted increasing attention for developing artificial nociceptors due to the simplicity of the artificial nociceptive system. However, the realization of artificial nociceptors with biocompatibility and biodegradability in a single memristive device remains a challenge. Herein, a fully biocompatible and biodegradable threshold switching (TS) memristor consisting of W/MgO/Mg/W configuration was proposed as an artificial nociceptor. The device showed unidirectional TS characteristics with stable electrical performance under bending conditions. Critical nociceptor behaviors, including threshold, relaxation, no adaptation, allodynia, and hyperalgesia, were successfully demonstrated in the memristive nociceptor. Meanwhile, an optoelectronic nociceptor system was built by the integration of a photoresistor and the memristor. Importantly, the devices transferred on a biodegradable polyvinyl acetate substrate as physically transient electronics could completely dissolve in deionized water, simulating the decomposition of skin necrosis. This study provides a novel route toward developing fully biocompatible and biodegradable artificial nociceptors for promising applications in implantable and wearable electronics and secure bio-integrated systems.

A new calculation method of helicopter rotor/fuselage acoustic scattering is developed. Firstly, a CFD analysis model is developed to simulate flow field of the rotor, which is based on the motional embedded grid system and RANS equations, and provides aerodynamic data for rotor noise calculation. Then, FW-H equations are employed to calculate the aeroacoustic characteristics of isolated rotor, and G 1A formulas are applied to calculate the rotor acoustic gradient to provide boundary condition for acoustic scattering. Based on these, the time-domain equivalent source method is applied to calculate acoustic scatter field, and the total acoustic field that considered the fuselage scatter is superposed by isolated rotor acoustics and the scatter one. Finally, the numerical simulations of helicopter main-rotor/fuselage and tail-rotor/fuselage scatter effect are conducted by using the developed models. The results indicate that the helicopter fuselage has important scatter effect on the high frequency acoustics of main rotor and tail rotor, and the acoustic scatter effect become more obvious with the smaller space between the main rotor (tail rotor) and fuselage. 发展了直升机旋翼（尾桨）噪声与机身的声散射特性计算方法。首先，采用基于运动嵌套网格和RANS方程的旋翼CFD方法计算旋翼流场信息，为旋翼噪声计算提供气动数据；然后，采用FW-H方程来计算孤立旋翼的气动噪声特性，并应用G1A公式来计算旋翼噪声梯度，为噪声声散射分析提供边界条件；在此基础上，采用时域等效源方法计算散射声场，并与孤立旋翼声场进行叠加，最终得到考虑机身散射影响的总声场。最后，应用建立的声散射计算模型，针对旋翼/机身和尾桨/机身声散射效应进行了数值模拟，结果表明：机身对旋翼与尾桨高频噪声的散射影响较大，并且旋翼/机身以及尾桨/机身的间距越小，声散射效应越明显。

Point cloud registration is a critical technology for 3D reconstruction and personalized management of fruit trees. While ensuring the accuracy and completeness of 3D point cloud reconstruction, the simplest and most efficient approach is to acquire and register point clouds from two stations separated by 180°. For this, we propose BranchMatch, a low-overlap viewpoints acquisition and registration method tailored for tall-spindle individual apple trees during dormancy. The method requires only two point clouds captured from stations 180° apart. Then, it leverages key branch segments in a single viewpoint, utilizing their spatial and geometric structure features in combination with a dynamically weighted feature discriminant function to perform feature matching and initial rigid-body transformation under low overlap conditions. Subsequently, an iterative closest point algorithm, enhanced with local feature matching optimization based on the tree-specific point cloud, is applied to refine the registration and prevent over-registration. Experiments conducted on multiple individual apple trees with two low-overlap point clouds (180° apart) demonstrate a registration success rate of 90%. Compared to the spherical markers registration method, BranchMatch achieves average rotation and translation errors of 1.93 mrad and 4.33 mm, respectively, with a pointwise error of 2.70 mm. Furthermore, compared to multi-site high-overlap registration methods under similar conditions, BranchMatch significantly reduces computational costs while maintaining registration accuracy and reconstruction completeness, highlighting its efficiency and reliability in individual tree registration.