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"Carey, R M"
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Someone like me
A gentle, devoted mother hides the dark and malicious side of her personality until it takes control, triggering devastating consequences.
Book
Intralocus sexual conflict and insecticide resistance
The BA allele of the Drosophila cytochrome P450 gene Cyp6g1 confers resistance to a range of insecticides. It is also subject to intralocus sexual conflict when introgressed into the Canton-S background, whose collection predates the widespread use of insecticides. In this genetic background, the allele confers a pleiotropic fitness benefit to females but a cost to males, and exhibits little sexual dimorphism in conferred insecticide resistance. It is unclear whether these sexually antagonistic effects also exist in current populations that have naturally evolved with insecticides, where genetic modifiers that offset male costs might be expected to evolve. Here, we explore these issues using Drosophila melanogaster caught recently from an Australian population in which the BA allele naturally segregates. While we find increased fecundity in insecticide-resistant BA females and no consistent evidence of fitness costs in males, experimental evolution indicates balancing selection at the locus. We suggest that this apparent discrepancy may be due to reduced investment in reproduction in resistant males. Our results at the population level are consistent with previous work, and suggest that individual-level fitness assays do not always capture sexually antagonistic fitness effects that emerge in a population context.
Journal Article
Risk factors for adult acquired subglottic stenosis
The aetiology and outcomes for patients with acquired subglottic stenosis are highly variable. This study aimed to identify risk factors for subglottic stenosis and patient characteristics that predict long-term clinical outcomes.
A retrospective review was performed on 63 patients with subglottic stenosis and 63 age-matched controls. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics were compared. Subglottic stenosis patients were further grouped according to tracheostomy status (i.e. tracheostomy never required, tracheostomy initially required but patient eventually decannulated, and tracheostomy-dependent). Patient factors from these three groups were then compared to evaluate risk factors for long-term tracheostomy dependence.
Compared to controls, patients with subglottic stenosis had a significantly higher body mass index (30.8 vs 26.0 kg/m2; p < 0.001) and were more likely to have diabetes (23.8 per cent vs 7.94 per cent; p = 0.01). Comparing tracheostomy outcomes within the subglottic stenosis group, body mass index trended towards significance (p = 0.08). Age, gender, socio-economic status, subglottic stenosis aetiology and other co-morbidities did not correlate with outcome.
Obesity and diabetes are significant risk factors for acquiring subglottic stenosis. Further investigations are required to determine if obesity is also a predictor for failed tracheostomy decannulation in subglottic stenosis.
Journal Article
Children of the Lens
It was beginning to look as though no one could prevent the annihilation of the civilised Universe. For a weird intelligence was directing the destruction of all civilisation from the icy depths of outer space. Kim Kinnison of the Galactic Patrol was one of the few men who knew how near the end was. And in the last desperate stratagem to save the Universe from total destruction, he knew he had to use his children as bait for the evil powers of the hell-planet Ploor... CHILDREN OF THE LENS is the sixth self-contained novel in E. E. 'Doc' Smith's epic LENSMAN series, one of the all-time classics of adventurous, galaxy-spanning science fiction.
Book
Anticholinergic medication use is associated with globus pharyngeus
Globus pharyngeus has been linked to salivary hypofunction. We hypothesise that a considerable portion of the globus experienced by patients is due to a drying effect secondary to anticholinergic medication use; this study aimed to determine their association.
A cross-sectional study was conducted of 270 patients who presented to a laryngology practice over 6 months. Participants rated globus sensation on a 5-point severity scale, with those scoring 0 considered as controls (non-globus). Participants were excluded if they had a likely cause of globus. Scores were compared with participants' medication lists, co-morbidities, age and gender, and evaluated using multivariate analysis, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Any participant taking at least 2 anticholinergic medications had a 3.52 increased odds (p = 0.02) of experiencing globus. A previous diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease was also significantly associated with globus (p = 0.004), with an odds ratio of 3.75.
A substantial portion of idiopathic globus may be due to anticholinergic use or reflux. The findings implicate medication use as a risk factor for globus. An awareness of these associations is invaluable for identifying cause and treating globus.
Journal Article
Wonderland : an anthology of works inspired by Alice's adventures in Wonderland
\"Within these pages you'll find myriad approaches to Alice, from horror to historical, taking us from nightmarish reaches of the imagination to tales that will shock, surprise, and tug on the heart-strings. So it's time now to go down the rabbit hole, or through the looking-glass or ... But no, wait. By picking up this book and starting to read it you're already there, can't you see?\"--Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Dopamine-Induced Recruitment of Dopamine D1 Receptors to the Plasma Membrane
The recruitment of G protein-coupled receptors from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane generally is believed to be a constitutive process. We show here by the use of both confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation that, for at least one such receptor, this recruitment is regulated and not constitutive. Cells from a proximal tubular-like cell line, LLCPK1 cells, were incubated with either a D1 agonist, a dopamine precursor, or an inhibitor of dopamine metabolism to increase dopamine availability in the cell. Each of the three procedures led to a rapid translocation of dopamine D1 receptors from the cytosol to the plasma membrane.
Journal Article
Sustained Hypersensitivity to Angiotensin II and Its Mechanism in Mice Lacking the Subtype-2 (AT2) Angiotensin Receptor
The vast majority of the known biological effects of the renin-angiotensin system are mediated by the type-1 (AT1) receptor, and the functions of the type-2 (AT2) receptor are largely unknown. We investigated the role of the AT2 receptor in the vascular and renal responses to physiological increases in angiotensin II (ANG II) in mice with targeted deletion of the AT2 receptor gene. Mice lacking the AT2 receptor (AT2-null mice) had slightly elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared with that of wild-type (WT) control mice (P < 0.0001). In AT2-null mice, infusion of ANG II (4 pmol/kg/min) for 7 days produced a marked and sustained increase in SBP [from 116 ± 0.5 to 208 ± 1 mmHg $(P<0.0001)$ (1 mmHg = 133 Pa)] and reduction in urinary sodium excretion (UNaV) [from 0.6 ± 0.01 to 0.05 ± 0.002 mM/day $(P<0.0001)]$ whereas neither SBP nor UNaV changed in WT mice. AT2-null mice had low basal levels of renal interstitial fluid bradykinin (BK), and cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate, an index of nitric oxide production, compared with WT mice. In WT mice, dietary sodium restriction or ANG II infusion increased renal interstitial fluid BK, and cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate by ≈ 4-fold (P < 0.0001) whereas no changes were observed in AT2-null mice. These results demonstrate that the AT2 receptor is necessary for normal physiological responses of BK and nitric oxide to ANG II. Absence of the AT2 receptor leads to vascular and renal hypersensitivity to ANG II, including sustained antinatriuresis and hypertension. These results strongly suggest that the AT2 receptor plays a counterregulatory protective role mediated via BK and nitric oxide against the antinatriuretic and pressor actions of ANG II.
Journal Article
Recent results and current status of the muon g 2 experiment at BNL
The muon (g 2) experiment E821 is currently in progress at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Four data-taking runs for positive muons and one run for negative muons were successfully accomplished in 19972000 and 2001, respectively. Results of the 19972000 runs have been published, thus completing our experiment for µ + . Data analysis for the 2001 run for µ is currently in progress. To provide measurement of a µ = ½(g 2) µ at the same level of accuracy as for a µ + = ½(g 2) µ +, we would need one more data-taking run. PACS Nos.: 31.15Pf, 31.30Jv, 32.10Hq
Journal Article