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Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess if differences in hamstring strength, hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratio, and biceps femoris long head (BF LH ) fascicle length exist between male and female professional football (soccer) players. Methods One-hundred professional footballers participated in this cross-sectional study: 50 men and 50 women. Ultrasound images of BF LH muscle and isokinetic dynamometry tests were performed. Results Men were stronger than women for hamstring concentric (2.01 ± 0.21 Nm/kg vs. 1.55 ± 0.23 Nm/kg; p  < 0.001; large effect size, 2.08) and eccentric (2.87 ± 0.45 Nm/kg vs. 2.39 ± 0.32 Nm/kg; p  < 0.001; large effect size, 1.23) peak torques. There was no sex-related difference for H:Q conventional ratio (concentric/concentric; 0.55 ± 0.06 vs. 0.55 ± 0.07); but women presented greater H:Q functional ratio (eccentric/concentric; 0.78 ± 0.12 vs. 0.85 ± 0.09; p  = 0.003; moderate effect size, 0.66). Men and women presented similar BF LH fascicle length: 0.24 ± 0.05 vs. 0.23 ± 0.05 (values normalized by muscle length). Conclusions Among the muscular factors assessed in this study, men presented stronger hamstring muscles, women presented greater H:Q functional ratio, and there was no sex-related differences for H:Q conventional ratio or BF LH fascicle length.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of Kinesio Tape (KT) on scapular kinematics with different external loads in healthy subjects. Twenty-three subjects performed abduction, scaption and flexion of their shoulders in three conditions: (1) no load (2) dumbbell and (3) elastic band resistance. KT was applied (I-shaped) over the upper trapezius muscle, and scapula kinematic data was captured and analyzed based on Euler angles. The situations and interactions of the different loads and KT were compared using a repeated measures two-way ANOVA. KT decreased the upward rotation during the movements of abduction, scaption and flexion of the shoulder. There was an effect of load in all evaluated movements, but there was no interaction between the load and the KT. It can be concluded that KT and load showed effects on scapula kinematics. Regardless of the load condition (no load, dumbbell or elastic resistance), the effects of the KT on scapula kinematics will be the same in healthy subjects.

Postemergence application of herbicides can cause phytotoxicity problems in eucalyptus seedlings. Foliar fertilization can improve seedling development and mitigate the effects of herbicides on eucalyptus. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of eucalyptus clones subjected to herbicides applied postemergence and associated with the application of foliar fertilizer. For this, a field experiment was carried out with the application of the products indaziflam, clomazone, glyphosate + S-metolachlor, sulfentrazone, and diuron + sulfentrazone, plus the application of an additional foliar fertilizer (composition in g/L of 78, 13, 40.3, 1.17, 0.78, 16.9, 13, 14.3, 0.52, and 29.9, respectively, for C, N, S, B, Co, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mo, and Zn). Height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, chlorophyll content, and visual intoxication were the analyzed variables. The herbicides indaziflam and glyphosate + S-metolachlor were the most harmful to the tested eucalyptus clones, interfering with the growth variables. Among the evaluated clones, Clone AEC 144 had more significant changes in the analyzed variables in treatments with herbicides and foliar fertilizer application. The eucalyptus seedlings were generally more sensitive to indaziflam and glyphosate + S-metolachlor herbicides. Foliar fertilization reduced the intoxication caused by indaziflam in Clone AEC 056. The fertilizer intensified treatment symptoms with clomazone and diuron + sulfentrazone in Clone AEC 144 and with sulfentrazone and diuron + sulfentrazone in Clone AEC 2034.