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Drawing on uncertainty-identity theory (Hogg, 2012), we explore the effects of uncertainty concerning a specific social identity on group identification and attitudes toward subgroup integration and separation in South Koreans' nested identity context (N = 148). All variables were measured. Path analysis revealed, as predicted, that superordinate identity uncertainty weakened superordinate identification and subgroup identity uncertainty weakened subgroup identification. We also found that subgroup identity uncertainty strengthened superordinate identification. This effect was stronger for those who perceived their superordinate group prototype and subgroup prototype to be distinct and nonoverlapping. Furthermore, superordinate identity uncertainty decreased reunification intentions by weakening superordinate identification. Subgroup identity uncertainty increased reunification intentions by strengthening superordinate identification only for those who perceived their superordinate group prototype and subgroup prototype to be distinct and nonoverlapping. Implications for uncertainty identity theory and intergroup relations are discussed.

We compare how people react to good ideas authored by internal rivals (employees at the same organization) versus external rivals (employees at a competitor organization). We hypothesize that internal and external rivals evoke contrasting kinds of threats. Specifically, using knowledge from an internal rival is difficult because it threatens the self and its competence: It is tantamount to being a \"follower\" and losing status relative to a direct competitor. By contrast, external rivals pose a lower threat to personal status, so people are more willing to use their knowledge. We conducted three studies. Study 1 showed that internal and external rivalry involved opposite relationships between threat and knowledge valuation: The more threat internal rivals provoked, the more people avoided their knowledge, whereas the more threat external rivals provoked, the more people pursued their knowledge. Study 2 explored the types of threat that insiders and outsiders evoked. In particular, people assumed that they would lose more personal status if they used an internal rival's knowledge and, therefore, reduced their valuation of that knowledge. Finally, Study 3 found that self-affirmation attenuated these patterns. We suggest that the threats and opportunities for affirmation facing the self dictate how people respond to rivals and, ultimately, their willingness to value new ideas.

Previous research (Zick et al. 2008) suggested that animosity toward social minorities in Europe is intertwined, forming a syndrome of Croup-Focused Enmity (CFE). In the current research, we extended the notion of CFE by identifying the CFE structure in a non-European context (South Korea). We also tested a novel hypothesis that stipulates an interplay between individuals' self-concept and their value orientation in predicting the overall level of CFE. Two nation-wide surveys in South Korea showed that antagonism toward social minorities that have typically been marginalized and devalued in that country forms CFE while reflecting the unique intergroup context of Korean society. Further, we found as expected that independence in self-concept and a collectivistic value orientation jointly predict lower levels of CFE (Study 1). When political orientation and national identification were taken into account, the predicted interaction was observed only on antagonism toward ingroup minorities but not toward outgroup minorities by race or ethnicity (Study 2). Implications of these findings and directions for research on CFE are discussed.

Accurate assessment of balance is critical for fall prevention and targeted rehabilitation, particularly in older adults and individuals with neurological disorders. However, widely used clinical tools such as the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) are limited by subjectivity, reliance on controlled environments, and poor scalability, making them unsuitable for continuous or real‐world monitoring. In this study, a compact, wireless, and wearable system comprising three miniaturized inertial measurement units (IMUs) capable of assessing gait and balance with high reliability and simplicity are proposed. The system enables real‐time, synchronized acquisition of six‐axis motion data via wireless communication and timestamp‐based alignment. From these data, 10 clinically relevant gait features, including stride length, gait speed, rhythm, and double‐support duration, are extracted. The proposed system demonstrates high fidelity compared to a gold‐standard optical motion capture system (<6.6% deviation) and excellent repeatability across trials (<3% standard deviation), confirming its robustness for motion tracking. Based on these validated features, machine learning models are developed to predict BBS scores. Among them, the Random Forest algorithm achieves the highest predictive accuracy (R 2 = 0.804), with bootstrap analysis (95% CI: 0.53–0.81) supporting its statistical reliability. This work presents a scalable, low‐cost, and high‐fidelity alternative to conventional motion capture technologies, offering strong potential for clinical and remote balance assessments.

This paper examines the effect of the freemium strategy on Google Play, an online marketplace for Android mobile applications. By analyzing a large panel data set consisting of 711 ranked mobile apps, we found that the freemium strategy is positively associated with increased sales of the paid mobile apps. Positive trial experience as represented by high review rating of the free version of a mobile app leads to higher sales of its paid version, whereas high visibility of the free version of a mobile app as represented by its product rank does not have a significant impact on the sales of its paid version. This finding suggests that although offering a free trial version is a viable way to improve the visibility of a mobile app, offering a quality free app is more important in boosting sales of the paid app. Moreover, we found that the impact of review rating is reduced when the free version is offered, or when the mobile app is a hedonic app, because consumers have the ability to experience the app themselves before purchase. These findings extend understanding of the freemium business model to include a market characterized by simultaneous intramarket competition for both the freemium and paid products and demonstrate how such dynamics may influence sales of the paid products.

Biologists and social scientists have long tried to understand why some societies have more fluid and open interpersonal relationships and how those differences influence culture. This study measures relational mobility, a socioecological variable quantifying voluntary (high relational mobility) vs. fixed (low relational mobility) interpersonal relationships. We measure relational mobility in 39 societies and test whether it predicts social behavior. People in societies with higher relational mobility report more proactive interpersonal behaviors (e.g., self-disclosure and social support) and psychological tendencies that help them build and retain relationships (e.g., general trust, intimacy, self-esteem). Finally, we explore ecological factors that could explain relational mobility differences across societies. Relational mobility was lower in societies that practiced settled, interdependent subsistence styles, such as rice farming, and in societies that had stronger ecological and historical threats.

U.S.-based research suggests conservatism is linked with less concern about contracting coronavirus and less preventative behaviors to avoid infection. Here, we investigate whether these tendencies are partly attributable to distrust in scientific information, and evaluate whether they generalize outside the U.S., using public data and recruited representative samples across three studies ( N total  = 34,710). In Studies 1 and 2, we examine these relationships in the U.S., yielding converging evidence for a sequential indirect effect of conservatism on compliance through scientific (dis)trust and infection concern. In Study 3, we compare these relationships across 19 distinct countries. Although the relationships between trust in scientific information about the coronavirus, concern about coronavirus infection, and compliance are consistent cross-nationally, the relationships between conservatism and trust in scientific information are not. These relationships are strongest in North America. Consequently, the indirect effects observed in Studies 1–2 only replicate in North America (the U.S. and Canada) and in Indonesia. Study 3 also found parallel direct and indirect effects on support for lockdown restrictions. These associations suggest not only that relationships between conservatism and compliance are not universal, but localized to particular countries where conservatism is more strongly related to trust in scientific information about the coronavirus pandemic.

This study investigates influential factors on the use of Big Data Analytics (BDA) systems in terms of data quality, organizational support, and user satisfaction. We surveyed 236 actual users of BDA systems in different industries and used the PLS-SEM method to analyze the collected data. The empirical evidence shows that data integrity and data timeliness determine data connectivity of BDA systems, which affect user satisfaction along with relational knowledge of IT personnel. The findings also indicate that user satisfaction has a positive effect on BDA system use, whereas data connectivity does not. The findings imply that user experiences appear to have a significant influence on the intention of business practitioners to use BDA systems, but data connectivity does not. Based on the empirical findings, this study provides both theoretical and practical implications for the success of BDA systems use.

The present research examined how the social category of a target (i.e., in-group versus out-group member) influences the nature of counterfactual thoughts people generate about the target. In Experiment 1, we found a marginally significant interaction effect such that participants generated more target-focused counterfactuals in response to a negative outcome that involved an in-group than an out-group target when the outcome was mildly negative, whereas this difference did not emerge when the outcome was severely negative. In Experiment 2, provision of an opportunity to affirm an important aspect of one’s self-concept allowed participants to generate more target-focused counterfactuals for an in-group than an out-group target, even when the outcome was severely negative. By contrast, participants in the non-affirmation condition did not show such a difference. Taken together, these results suggest that counterfactual thinking about others can be directed by self-related motives (i.e., self-preparative and self-protective motives) associated with the effects of social categorization and the severity of the negative outcome.

This handbook provides an authoritative, up-to-date overview of the social psychology of group processes. The topics covered include group decisions, juries, group remembering, roles, status, leadership, social identity and group membership, socialization, group performance, negotiation and bargaining, emotion and mood, computer-mediated communication, organizations and mental health. * Provides an authoritative, up-to-date overview of the social psychology of group processes. * Written by leading researchers from around the world to provide a classic and current overview of research as well as providing a description of future trends within the area. * Includes coverage of group decisions, juries, group remembering, roles, status, leadership, social identity and group membership, socialization, group performance, negotiation and bargaining, emotion and mood, computer-mediated communication, organizations and mental health. * Essential reading for any serious scholar of group behavior. * Now available in full text online via xreferplus, the award-winning reference library on the web from xrefer. For more information, visit www.xreferplus.com